zh-cn	新型冠状病毒肺炎病例密切接触者调查与管理指南
en-us	Guidelines for Investigation and Management of Close Contacts of COVID-19 Cases

zh-cn	为指导各地进一步做好新型冠状病毒肺炎病例密切接触者的调查和管理，有效控制疾病的传播，结合近期国内外新型冠状病 毒肺炎最新研究结果，制定本指南。
en-us	These guidelines are based on  the most recent researches  on the epidemiology of COVID-19  from home and abroad and are intended to further improve investigation and  management of  close contacts of COVID-19 cases to control spread of the virus.

zh-cn	及时发现和管理密切接触者，防止疾病进一步传播。
en-us	Identify and manage close contacts in a timely manner to prevent further spread of the disease.

zh-cn	了解不同接触方式密切接触人群的感染风险及危险因素。
en-us	Develop a more clear understanding of risk of infection and risk factors during various types of human contact.

zh-cn	调查与判定原则
en-us	Principles of Investigation and Identification

zh-cn	接触者指在病例的一定活动范围内，可能与其发生接触的所有人，包括家庭成员、亲戚、朋友、同事、同学、医务工作者和服务人员等。
en-us	“Contacts” include anyone who may have had contact with a case through a range of circumstances or activities including being family members, relatives, friends, colleagues, classmates, health care workers, and services personnel.

zh-cn	根据接触情况，可将接触者划分为密切接触者和一 般接触者。
en-us	Contacts can be classified as close contacts or  general contacts based on  the  level of contact.

zh-cn	密切接触者
en-us	Close Contacts

zh-cn	密切接触者指从疑似病例和确诊病例症状出现前2天开始，或 无症状感染者标本采样前2天开始，未采取有效防护与其有近距离 接触的人员，具体情形包括：
en-us	Close contacts are individuals who have had contact, without  effective protection,  with  one  or  more suspected or  confirmed COVID-19  cases any time starting 2 days before onset of the suspected or confirmed cases' symptoms or 2 days before sampling for laboratory testing of asymptomatic infected persons. Specific types of close contacts are:

zh-cn	同一房间共同生活的家庭成员。
en-us	Family members living together;

zh-cn	直接照顾者或提供诊疗、护理服务者。
en-us	Direct   caregivers  or    providers   of   medical treatment and care services;

zh-cn	在同一空间内实施可能会产生气溶胶的诊疗活动的医务工作者。
en-us	Healthcare workers who perform diagnostic and treatment activities that emit aerosols;

zh-cn	在办公室、车间、班组、电梯、食堂、教室等同一场所有 近距离接触的人员。
en-us	Persons who have had close contact in an office, factory, workshop, elevator, canteen or cafeteria, classroom, or other similar location;

zh-cn	密闭环境下共餐、共同娱乐以及提供餐饮和娱乐服务的人 员。
en-us	Persons    sharing    meals,    entertaining,    and providing catering and  entertainment  services in  a closed environment;

zh-cn	探视病例的医护人员、家属或其他有近距离接触的人员。
en-us	Healthcare workers and family members visiting someone with COVID-19  or  other  people in  close contact with COVID-19 cases;

zh-cn	乘坐同一交通工具并有近距离接触（1 米内）人员，包括 在交通工具上照料护理人员、同行人员（家人、同事、朋友等）， 或经调查评估后发现有可能近距离接触病例和无症状感染者的其 他乘客和乘务人员。
en-us	Persons riding in a vehicle and within 1 meter of a COVID-19  case or an asymptomatic infected person including care-taking and  nursing personnel, companions (e.g., family members, colleagues, and friends), and other passengers  and vehicle crew who might have contact through  investigation and assessment.

zh-cn	不同交通工具密切接触者判定方法参见附件
en-us	See Appendix  for criteria for identifying close contacts on different types of transportation and vehicles;

zh-cn	现场调查人员评估认为其他符合密切接触者判定标准的人员。
en-us	Other  persons assessed by  onsite  investigators meeting criteria for close contact.

zh-cn	一般接触者
en-us	General Contacts

zh-cn	指与疑似病例、确诊病例和无症状感染者在乘坐飞机、火车 和轮船等同一交通工具、共同生活、学习、工作以及诊疗过程中 有过接触，但不符合密切接触者判定原则的人员。
en-us	General  contacts  include  anyone  who  has  had contact  with  suspected cases, confirmed cases, and asymptomatic infected persons, but who do not meet the criteria for being a close contact while taking the same transportation vehicle (airplane, train, ship), or living, studying, or working together, or having less than  close contact during diagnostic and  treatment procedures.

zh-cn	接触者管理
en-us	Contact Management

zh-cn	管理方式
en-us	Management Approach

zh-cn	密切接触者应采取集中隔离医学观察，不具备条件的地区可采取居家隔离，如采取居家隔离医学观察应加强对居家观察对象的指导和管理。
en-us	Centralizedmanagementwithmedical observation should be applied for close contacts management; however, carefully-managed  household isolation may be used when conditions do not permit centralized management

zh-cn	集中医学观察场所的选择及内部设施要求见附件2。
en-us	See Appendix 2  for  site selection and facility requirements for centralized management with medical observation.

zh-cn	如密切接触者为以下特定人群，需予以特殊考虑：
en-us	Special consideration should be given to the following types of close contacts:

zh-cn	14 岁及以下儿童，若其父母或家人均为密切接触者， 首选集中隔离医学观察，在做好个人防护和保持人际距离的情况 下，儿童可与父母或家人同居一室；
en-us	For  children 14  years and  younger who have parents or  family members that  are close contacts, centralized management with medical observation is the preferred management method. With good personal protection and interpersonal distancing, children can live in the same room with their parents or family members.

zh-cn	如仅儿童为密切接触者，可 在社区医务人员指导下，做好个人防护和保持人际距离，由家人 陪同儿童居家医学观察；
en-us	If a child is a close contact, household management with medical observation can be used under the guidance of community health workers and family members can be with the child using personal protection and maintaining interpersonal distance.

zh-cn	有基础疾病的人员和老年人不能作为儿童的陪护人员。
en-us	People with underlying medical conditions and elderly individuals cannot be with children who are close contacts.

zh-cn	半自理及无自理能力的密切接触者，原则上实施集中隔 离医学观察措施，由指定人员进行护理。
en-us	For closes contacts who may not have the ability to perform self-care activities, centralized management with medical observation should be used and personal care should be provided by designated person.

zh-cn	如确实无法进行集中隔离医学观察，可在社区医务人员指导下，采取居家隔离医学观察。
en-us	If centralized management with medical observation is not possible, under the guidance of community health workers, household management with medical observation can be used.

zh-cn	有基础疾病的人员和老年人不能作为陪护人员。
en-us	Persons with underlying conditions and elderly persons cannot serve as companions.

zh-cn	对于一般接触者要做好登记，并进行健康风险告知，嘱其 一旦出现发热、干咳等呼吸道症状或腹泻等消化道症状时要及时就医，并主动告知近期活动史。
en-us	General   contacts   should   be   registered  and informed of their health risk as a general contact; they should be told that  if they develop respiratory symptoms such as fever or dry cough or gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, they should immediately seek medical advice and provide history of their recent activities to the doctor or other healthcare professional.

zh-cn	管理流程。
en-us	Management Actions

zh-cn	知情告知。
en-us	Informed notification.

zh-cn	实施医学观察时，应当书面或口头告知医学观 察的缘由、期限、法律依据、注意事项和疾病相关知识，
en-us	During medical observation, close contacts should be informed in writing or verbally about  the  reason for  the  observation; the timeline, legal basis, and precautions to reduce risk; and COVID-19 information related to medical observation.

zh-cn	负责医学观察的医疗卫生机构及联系人和联系方式。
en-us	Individuals under medical observation should be told which medical institution is responsible for their observation and the name and contact information of an institution  official for communicating with the medical institution.

zh-cn	健康监测。
en-us	Health monitoring.

zh-cn	指定医疗卫生机构人员每天早、晚对密切接触者各进行一次体温测量，并询问其健康状况，给予必要的帮助和指导。
en-us	Staff of the medical observation institution  should monitor  the temperature of close contacts every morning and evening, ask about health status, and provide necessary support and guidance.

zh-cn	观察期限。
en-us	Observation period.

zh-cn	医学观察期限为自最后一次与病例、无症状感 染者发生无有效防护接触后 14 天。
en-us	The medical observation period should last until 14 days after the last contact without effective protection  with  a  confirmed  case or  an asymptomatic infected person.

zh-cn	密切接触者在医学观察期间若 检测阴性，仍需持续至观察期满。
en-us	If  the  close contact tested negative for 2019-nCoV virus during the medical observation period, they must still be isolated until the end of the 14-day observation period.

zh-cn	异常症状处理。
en-us	Management of symptoms.

zh-cn	医学观察期间，密切接触者一旦出现任何 症状（如发热、干咳等呼吸道症状或腹泻等消化道症状），需立即 向当地卫生健康部门报告，并按规定送定点医疗机构诊治，采集 标本开展实验室检测与排查工作。
en-us	During medical observation, if a close contact has any symptoms (e.g., fever, dry cough, or  other  respiratory symptoms or gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea), they must immediately be reported to the local health department and transported to the designated medical institution for diagnosis, treatment, and specimen collection for laboratory testing and investigation.

zh-cn	如排查结果为疑似病例、确诊 病例，应对其密切接触的人员进行调查和医学观察。
en-us	If they are found to be a suspected or confirmed case, their close contacts should be investigated and medically observed.

zh-cn	医学观察隔离解除。
en-us	Release from  isolation and  medical observation.

zh-cn	医学观察期满时，如密切接触者无异 常情况，应按时解除医学观察。
en-us	When the required medical observation period ends, if the  close contact has had no  abnormal findings or symptoms, he or she should be released from medical observation in a timely manner.

zh-cn	疑似病例在排除后，其密切接触 者即可解除医学观察。
en-us	If a suspected case is determined to not be a COVID-19  case or asymptomatically-infected,  his or  her  close contacts should be released from medical observation.

zh-cn	管理要求。
en-us	Observation Management Rules

zh-cn	集中或居家医学观察对象应独立居住，尽可能减少与共同 居住人员的接触，做好医学观察场所的清洁与消毒。
en-us	Persons under centralized or household medical observation should live apart from others and, as much as possible, minimize contact  with  his  or  her  co- habitants. Medical observation sites are to be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected daily.

zh-cn	密切接触者在观察期间不得外出，如果必须外出，经医学观察管理人员批准后方可，
en-us	Close contacts are generally not  allowed to  go outside during  the  observation period. However, if they must go outside, they should do so only with approval of the medical observation management staff;

zh-cn	并要佩戴一次性外科口罩，避免去人 群密集场所。
en-us	they must  wear surgical masks and  avoid going to crowded places while outside.

zh-cn	实施密切接触者医学观察并与其有近距离接触的工作人员， 应做好呼吸道飞沫和接触传播的防护措施。
en-us	Staff performing medical observation or having close contact with individuals under medical observation should  always use effective personal protection practices for respiratory droplets and contact transmission.

zh-cn	信息报告要求
en-us	Information Reporting Requirements

zh-cn	进行医学观察的密切接触者需填写《密切接触者医学观察 健康状况监测个案表》,内容包括密切接触者基本信息、 接触信息和健康监测信息等，
en-us	The “Health Status Monitoring Case Form for Close Contacts” ,which records basic information, contact information, and health monitoring information of close contacts, must be completed.

zh-cn	具体填写要求为：
en-us	Specific requirements are:

zh-cn	基本信息及接触信息。
en-us	Basic  information   and   contact   information.

zh-cn	在密切接触者登记时，填写密切 接触者的个人信息（姓名、身份证号、性别、年龄、联系方式、 基础性疾病等）、末次接触病例信息（病例姓名、病例类型、首次 和末次分别与末次接触病例的接触时间和方式）。
en-us	When registering close contacts, record their personal information (e.g., name, ID number, sex, age, underlying diseases) and  information about  the  last contacted case (e.g., case’s  name, case type, times of first and last contact, contact type).

zh-cn	密切接触者健康监测信息。
en-us	Health monitoring information of close contacts.

zh-cn	在密切接触者医学观察期结 束后，根据健康登记表信息填写密切接触者开始隔离日期以及在 医学观察期间是否出现临床症状、首次出现症状日期、首发临床 表现、最终检测结果是否阳性、阳性标本的采样日期、病例最重 临床结局及出院/解除隔离日期等信息。
en-us	After   medical   observation  of   close  contacts   is concluded, information on the starting date of isolation, whether the close contact developed clinical symptoms during medical observation, the date of first symptoms, the initial clinical manifestations, final laboratory test results, collection dates for positive specimens, the worst clinical status, and their hospital discharge/isolation  release date should be filled based on the health status monitoring form for close contacts.

zh-cn	信息关联。
en-us	Information consistency.

zh-cn	若密切接触者判定为确诊病例和无症状感 染者，“病例最重临床结局”的内容需与大疫情报告信息一致。
en-us	If close contacts become confirmed cases or asymptomatically-infected persons, the recording of “the worst clinical outcome of the case” must be consistent with the information reported in the Infectious Disease Information Reporting and Management System.

zh-cn	密切接触者医学观察期间的每日健康监测结果，可填写《新型冠状病毒肺炎病例密切接触者医学观察登记表》。
en-us	For  daily health  monitoring  of  close contacts during medical observation, one must complete the “Registration Form for Medical Observation of Close Contacts”.

zh-cn	各地进行密切接触者医学观察情况汇总时，可参考《新型 冠状病毒肺炎病例密切接触者医学观察统计日报表》）和《新型冠状病毒肺炎病例密切接触者医学观察每日统计汇总表》。
en-us	When local areas summarize medical observation of close contacts, one can refer to the “Daily Report Form for Medical Observation of Close Contacts”  and  the  “Daily Summary Form for Medical Observation of Close Contacts” .

zh-cn	报告要求及方式。
en-us	Reporting Requirements and Methods

zh-cn	县（区）级疾病预防控制机构在对密切接触者解除医学观察后，按照《密切接触者医学观察健康状况监测个案表》内容， 对其医学观察健康状况进行汇总更新。
en-us	After a  close contact is released from  medical observation, the county (or district) level disease control and prevention agency should summarize and update the health status of the close contact during medical observation based on the Health Status Monitoring Case Form for Close Contacts.

zh-cn	鼓励各地通过网络报告模块上报相关信息，以便各级疾控 机构及时开展分析。
en-us	Local areas are  encouraged to  report  relevant information about close contacts through the online reporting module so that  disease control and prevention agencies at all levels can conduct timely analyses.

zh-cn	各地需对每一例密切接触者的上报信息做好质量审核。
en-us	Local areas must conduct quality reviews of the information reported for each close contact.

zh-cn	资料分析利用
en-us	Data Analysis and Use

zh-cn	基于密切接触者的医学观察信息，可进行以下分析：
en-us	The following analyses should be performed on data from medical observations of close contacts:

zh-cn	分析密切接触者中新型冠状病毒肺炎的续发率，尤其 是家庭、医疗机构等重点场所以及不同人群特征密切接触者的续发率。
en-us	Determine the secondary attack rate of COVID- 19 infection among close contacts, especially for close contacts in key places such as homes and hospitals and places varying by their characteristics;

zh-cn	密切接触者中诊断为新型冠状病毒肺炎病例的不同临 床严重程度的比例。
en-us	Describe the clinical severity of COVID-19 cases associated with close contacts;

zh-cn	根据密切接触者与病例首次和末次接触时间、及其发 病日期来估算疾病潜伏期。
en-us	Estimate the 2019-nCoV incubation period based on the first and last contact time of the close contact with the case, and the onset of close contacts' illnesses.

zh-cn	交通工具密切接触者判定指引
en-us	Guidance for Identification of Close Contacts on Transportation Vehicles.

zh-cn	集中医学观察场所选择及内部设施要求
en-us	Selection of Centralized Management with Medical Observation Sites and Facility Requirements.

zh-cn	密切接触者医学观察健康状况监测个案表
en-us	Health Status Monitoring Case Form for Close Contacts

zh-cn	新型冠状病毒肺炎病例密切接触者医学观察登记表
en-us	Registration Form for Medical Observation of Close Contacts

zh-cn	新型冠状病毒肺炎病例密切接触者医学观察统计日报表
en-us	Daily Report Form for Medical Observations of Close Contacts

zh-cn	新型冠状病毒肺炎病例密切接触者医学观察每日统计汇总表
en-us	Daily Summary Form for Medical Observations of Close Contacts

zh-cn	一般情况下，与病例座位的同排和前后各三排座位 的全部旅客以及在上述区域内提供客舱服务的乘务人员作为密切 接触者。
en-us	Close contacts are defined as individuals seated in the same row or within three rows in front or three rows behind the case as well as crew members servicing these areas in the aircraft.

zh-cn	其他同航班乘客作为一般接触者。
en-us	Other passengers are considered general contacts.

zh-cn	全封闭空调列车，病例所在硬座、硬卧车厢或 软卧同包厢的全部乘客和乘务人员。
en-us	For closed and air-conditioned trains, close contacts are all passengers and crew members who were in the same carriage, hard seat carriage, hard sleeper carriage, or soft sleeper compartment as the case.

zh-cn	非全封闭的普通列车，病例 同间软卧包厢内，或同节硬座（硬卧）车厢内同格及前后邻格的 旅客，以及为该区域服务的乘务人员。
en-us	For regular trains (not closed or air-conditioned trains), passengers in the same soft sleeper compartment as the case, the same segment and adjacent segments of a hard seat or hard sleeper carriage as the case, and crew members assigned to these areas are considered close contacts.

zh-cn	全密封空调客车，与病例同乘一辆汽车的所有人员。
en-us	For closed and air-conditioned  coaches, all passengers in the same coach as the case are considered close contacts.

zh-cn	通风的普通客车，与病例同车前后 3 排座位的乘客和驾乘人员。
en-us	For regular coaches with ventilation, passengers in the three rows in front of and three rows in back of the case and coach drivers are considered close contacts.

zh-cn	与病例同一舱室内的全部人员和为该舱室提供服务 的乘务人员。
en-us	All passengers in the same cabin as the case and crew members assigned to the area are considered close contacts.

zh-cn	如与病例接触期间，病人有高热、打喷嚏、干咳、呕吐等剧 烈症状，不论时间长短，均应作为密切接触者。
en-us	During contact periods, if the patient already has symptoms like fever, sneezing, dry cough, or vomiting, other passengers with contact should be classified as a close contact regardless of the duration of contact.

zh-cn	集中医学观察场所选择及内部设施要求
en-us	Selection of Centralized Management with Medical Observation Sites and Facility Requirements.

zh-cn	集中医学观察场所的选择及内部设施要求如下：
en-us	Selection of centralized management with medical observation sites and their facility requirements are:

zh-cn	原则上应相对独立，远离人口密集区，不得在医疗机构设 置集中隔离场所。
en-us	If possible, centralized management with medical observation sites should be relatively independent, far from densely populated areas, and should not be in medical institutions.

zh-cn	集中医学观察场所内部根据需要分为生活区、物质保障供 应区和医学观察区等，分区标示要明确。
en-us	Interiors of centralized management with medical observation sites should be divided into sanitary areas, supply areas, and  medical observation areas.

zh-cn	有保证集中隔离人员正 常生活的基础设施，应具备通风条件，能够满足日常消毒措施的 落实。
en-us	Accommodations should ensure relatively normal life for those under centralized management. Sites should be ventilated and disinfected daily.

zh-cn	集中医学观察场所应配备体温计、听诊器等医疗器材及口 罩、消毒剂等个人防护用品和消毒产品。
en-us	Centralized management with medical observation sites should be equipped with medical equipment such as thermometers and stethoscopes, personal protective equipment such as masks, and disinfection products.

zh-cn	需为密切接触者提供单间居住环境和独立卫生间。
en-us	A single occupancy  room and a private toilet should be provided for each close contact.

zh-cn	最好具有独立化粪池。
en-us	It is best to have independent septic tanks.

zh-cn	污水在进入市政排水管网前，进 行消毒处理，消毒后污水应当符合《医疗机构水污染物排放标 准》（GB18466-2005）；
en-us	Sewage should be disinfected before being discharged to the municipal drainage system. After disinfection, sewage should meet the requirements under “Discharge standard  of water pollutants for medical organization” (GB18466-2005).

zh-cn	如无独立化粪池，则用专门容器收集 排泄物，消毒处理后再排放，消毒方式参照特定场所消毒技术 方案中粪便与污水消毒方法。
en-us	If there is no independent septic tank, special containers can be used to collect sewage, which should be disinfected before discharge. For disinfection methods, please refer to the fecal and sewage disinfection methods under the technical protocols for disinfection.

zh-cn	本表适用于新型冠状病毒肺炎病例和无症状感染者密切接触者进行医学观察的卫生人员使用。
en-us	This table is intended for use by the healthcare workers performing medical observation on the close contacts of COVID-19 cases and asymptomatic infected person.

zh-cn	本表适用于对新型冠状病毒肺炎密切接触者进行医学观察的医务人员汇总上报使用。
en-us	This table is intended for aggregate submission by healthcare workers performing medical observation on close contacts of COVID-19 cases and asymptomatic infected person.

zh-cn	异常临床表现：寒战、咳痰、鼻塞、流涕、咽痛、头痛、乏力、肌肉酸痛、关节酸痛、气促呼吸困难、胸闷、结膜充血、恶心、呕吐、腹泻、腹痛等症状。
en-us	Clinical manifestations include: chills, sputum, stuffy nose, runny nose, sore throat, headache, fatigue, muscle soreness and aches, joint soreness and aches, shortness of breath, dyspnea, chest tightness, conjunctival congestion, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and other symptoms.

zh-cn	表中涉及的累计数均指自开展密切接触者医学观察工作至今的汇总数。
en-us	All “total” entries in the table refer to aggregate numbers since the start of medical observation of the close contacts