en-us	Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): 
zh-cn	2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）：

en-us	What parents should know
zh-cn	父母须知的健康提示

en-us	How to protect yourself and your children.
zh-cn	如何保护自己和孩子

en-us	UNICEF
zh-cn	联合国儿童基金会

en-us	What is a ‘novel’ coronavirus?
zh-cn	什么是2019冠状病毒病？

en-us	A novel coronavirus (CoV) is a new strain of coronavirus. The disease caused by the novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China, has been named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) – ‘CO’ stands for corona, ‘VI’ for virus, and ‘D’ for disease. Formerly, this disease was referred to as ‘2019 novel coronavirus’ or ‘2019-nCoV.’
zh-cn	由新型冠状病毒引发的疾病在中国武汉首次被发现，这种疾病已被命名为2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）——“ CO”代表冠状，“ VI”代表病毒，“ D”代表疾病。 此前，这种疾病被称为“ 2019新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）疾病”。

en-us	The COVID-19 virus is a new virus linked to the same family of viruses as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and some types of common cold.
zh-cn	引发2019冠状病毒病的是一种新病毒，属于冠状病毒家族，该家族还包括严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）冠状病毒和引起某些类型普通感冒的病毒。

en-us	COVID-19 has been described as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. What does that mean? 
zh-cn	世界卫生组织宣布2019冠状病毒病疫情为一场全球大流行。这意味着什么？ 

en-us	Characterizing COVID-19 as a pandemic is not an indication that the virus has become deadlier. Rather, it’s an acknowledgement of the disease’s geographical spread.
zh-cn	将2019冠状病毒病疫情定义为全球大流行并不代表着病毒的致命性变高，而是确认疫情在地域间的传播程度。

en-us	 UNICEF has been preparing and responding to the epidemic of COVID-19 around the world, knowing that the virus could spread to children and families in any country or community. 
zh-cn	联合国儿童基金会正在做好准备并采取措施应对2019冠状病毒病的全球疫情。因为病毒可以扩散到任何国家或社区的儿童及其家人，

en-us	UNICEF will continue working with governments and our partners to stop transmission of the virus, and to keep children and their families safe.
zh-cn	联合国儿童基金会将继续与各国政府以及各合作伙伴一同阻止病毒的传播，保证儿童及其家人的安全。

en-us	There’s a lot of information online. What should I do?
zh-cn	网上流传着各种信息。我该怎么做？

en-us	There are a lot of myths and misinformation about coronavirus being shared online – including on how COVID-19 spreads, how to stay safe, and what to do if you’re worried about having contracted the virus.
zh-cn	网上流传着许多关于2019冠状病毒病的传言和不实信息，包括病毒的传播渠道、如何防控以及如果担心被感染了该怎么办。

en-us	So, it’s important to be careful where you look for information and advice.
zh-cn	因此，对获取的信息和建议进行甄别非常重要。

en-us	This explainer contains information and recommendations on how to reduce the risk of infection, whether you should take your child out of school, whether it’s safe for women to breastfeed, and precautions to take when traveling.
zh-cn	本篇讲解文章提供了以下方面的信息和建议：如何降低感染风险，是否应该让孩子停课，母乳喂养是否安全，以及旅行时的防护措施。

en-us	 UNICEF has also launched a portal where you can find more information and guidance about COVID-19. In addition, the WHO has a useful section addressing some of the most frequently asked questions.
zh-cn	联合国儿童基金会也推出了一个专题页面，供您进一步查询关于2019冠状病毒病的信息和指南。此外，世界卫生组织也提供了一个专门版块说明了一些常见问题。

en-us	It’s also advisable to keep up to date on travel, education and other guidance provided by your national or local authorities for the latest recommendations and news.
zh-cn	同时，建议您及时了解各国或地方当局提供的最新的关于旅行、教育和其他方面的指南，以获取最新的建议和新闻资讯。

en-us	How does the COVID-19 virus spread?
zh-cn	该病毒如何传播？

en-us	The virus is transmitted through direct contact with respiratory droplets of an infected person (generated through coughing and sneezing), and touching surfaces contaminated with the virus. The COVID-19 virus may survive on surfaces for several hours, but simple disinfectants can kill it.
zh-cn	该病毒的传播途径包括：直接接触感染者咳嗽或打喷嚏时所产生的呼吸道飞沫，以及接触被该病毒污染的物体表面。该病毒有可能在表面存活数小时，但简单的消毒剂可有效杀灭病毒。

en-us	What are the symptoms of coronavirus?
zh-cn	感染该病毒后的症状是什么？

en-us	Symptoms can include fever, cough and shortness of breath. In more severe cases, infection can cause pneumonia or breathing difficulties. More rarely, the disease can be fatal. 
zh-cn	症状可能包括发热、咳嗽和气促。在较严重病例中，感染可能导致肺炎、呼吸困难，甚至死亡。

en-us	These symptoms are similar to the flu (influenza) or the common cold, which are a lot more common than COVID-19.
zh-cn	这些症状类似于流感或普通感冒所引发的症状，然而后两种疾病比2019冠状病毒病更加常见。

en-us	This is why testing is required to confirm if someone has COVID-19.
zh-cn	这就是为什么2019冠状病毒病需要经过检测来确诊。

en-us	It’s important to remember that key prevention measures are the same – frequent hand washing, and respiratory hygiene (cover your cough or sneeze with a flexed elbow or tissue, then throw away the tissue into a closed bin).
zh-cn	需要谨记的是，公众可以通过相同的关键措施来预防这些疾病，例如勤洗手，咳嗽和打喷嚏时注意卫生（如用肘部或纸巾遮住口鼻，然后将纸巾扔到密闭的垃圾箱中）。 

en-us	 Also, there is a vaccine for the flu – so remember to keep yourself and your child up to date with vaccinations. 
zh-cn	此外，还可以通过接种最新的流感疫苗，来帮助自己和孩子预防流感。

en-us	How can I avoid the risk of infection?
zh-cn	如何避免感染的风险？

en-us	Here are four precautions you and your family can take to avoid infection:
zh-cn	您和您的家人可以采取以下四种防护措施来避免感染：

en-us	Wash your hands frequently using soap and water or an alcohol-based hand rub 
zh-cn	经常用肥皂和清水洗手或使用含酒精的免洗洗手液

en-us	Cover mouth and nose with flexed elbow or tissue when coughing or sneezing. Dispose of used tissue immediately
zh-cn	咳嗽或打喷嚏时，用肘部或用纸巾遮住口鼻，然后立即处理掉用过的纸巾

en-us	Avoid close contact with anyone who has cold or flu-like symptoms
zh-cn	避免与任何有感冒或类似流感症状的人密切接触

en-us	Seek medical care early if you or your child has a fever, cough or difficulty breathing
zh-cn	如有发热、咳嗽和呼吸困难等症状，请及早就医，并告知医护人员您的近期旅行史

en-us	What is the best way to wash hands properly?
zh-cn	如何科学洗手？

en-us	Step 1: 
zh-cn	第一步：

en-us	Wet hands with running water
zh-cn	用清水打湿双手

en-us	Step 2: 
zh-cn	第二步：

en-us	Apply enough soap to cover wet hands
zh-cn	将肥皂涂抹在手上

en-us	Step 3: 
zh-cn	第三步：

en-us	Scrub all surfaces of the hands – including back of hands, between fingers and under nails – for at least 20 seconds.
zh-cn	仔细揉搓双手至少 20 秒，包括手背、指间和指甲缝

en-us	Step 4: 
zh-cn	第四步：

en-us	Rinse thoroughly with running water
zh-cn	用流动水冲净泡沫

en-us	Step 5: 
zh-cn	第五步：

en-us	Dry hands with a clean cloth or single-use towel
zh-cn	用干净的布或一次性毛巾擦干双手

en-us	Wash your hands often, especially before eating; after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing; and going to the bathroom. 
zh-cn	做到勤洗手，尤其是在进食前，擤鼻子、咳嗽或打喷嚏后，以及使用厕所后。

en-us	If soap and water are not readily available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol. Always wash hands with soap and water, if hands are visibly dirty.
zh-cn	在无肥皂和清水的情况下，请使用至少含60％酒精浓度的免洗洗手液。 如果手上沾染明显污染物，请务必用肥皂和清水洗手。

en-us	Should I wear a medical mask?
zh-cn	我应该佩戴医用口罩吗？

en-us	The use of a medical mask is advised if you have respiratory symptoms (coughing or sneezing) to protect others. If you don’t have any symptoms, then there is no need to wear a mask. 
zh-cn	如果您有咳嗽或打喷嚏的症状，建议您佩戴医用口罩从而保护他人健康。如果您并没有任何症状，就不需要佩戴口罩。

en-us	If masks are worn, they must be used and disposed of properly to ensure their effectiveness and to avoid any increased risk of transmitting the virus. 
zh-cn	在戴口罩的情况下，必须正确使用和处置口罩，以保证防护效果，同时避免增加病毒传播的风险。

en-us	The use of a mask alone is not enough to stop infections and must be combined with frequent hand washing, covering sneezes and coughs, and avoiding close contact with anyone with cold or flu-like symptoms (coughing, sneezing, fever).
zh-cn	仅使用口罩不足以预防感染病毒，另外必须经常洗手。与此同时，打喷嚏和咳嗽时要遮住口鼻，并避免与任何有感冒或类似流感症状（如咳嗽、打喷嚏、发热）的人密切接触。

en-us	Does COVID-19 affect children?
zh-cn	儿童是否会感染该病毒？

en-us	This is a new virus and we do not know enough yet about how it affects children or pregnant women.
zh-cn	鉴于这是一种新出现的病毒，所以我们对该病毒对儿童或孕产妇的影响了解仍然有限。

en-us	We know it is possible for people of any age to be infected with the virus, but so far there have been relatively few cases of COVID-19 reported among children.
zh-cn	目前掌握的情况显示，任何年龄段的人均可能感染该病毒，但是到目前为止，2019冠状病毒病的儿童确诊病例相对较少。

en-us	The virus is fatal in rare cases, so far mainly among older people with pre-existing medical conditions.
zh-cn	该病毒在极少数情况下会导致死亡，截至目前，主要的死亡人群为自身存在基础疾病的老年人。

en-us	What should I do if my child has symptoms of COVID-19?
zh-cn	如果孩子出现2019冠状病毒病的症状该怎么办？

en-us	Seek medical attention, but remember that it’s flu season in the Northern Hemisphere, and symptoms of COVID-19 such as cough or fever can be similar to those of the flu, or the common cold – which are a lot more frequent.
zh-cn	请就医，但请记住，目前也是北半球的流感季，2019冠状病毒病的某些症状（如咳嗽或发热）可能与流感或普通感冒的症状相似，而后者的发病率更高。

en-us	Continue to follow good hand and respiratory hygiene practices like regular handwashing, and keep your child up to date with vaccinations – so that your child is protected against other viruses and bacteria causing diseases.
zh-cn	通过勤洗手等方法持续保持良好的个人卫生，并为孩子及时接种疫苗，这样可以保护您的孩子免受其他病毒和细菌的侵害。

en-us	As with other respiratory infections like the flu, seek care early if you or your child are having symptoms, and try to avoid going to public places (workplace, schools, public transport), to prevent it spreading to others.
zh-cn	与流感等其他呼吸道感染一样，如果您或您的孩子出现相关症状，请尽早就医，并尽量避免去公共场所（如工作场所、学校、公共交通工具等），以防止传染给他人。

en-us	What should I do if a family member displays symptoms?
zh-cn	如果家人出现症状该怎么办？

en-us	You should seek medical care early if you or your child has a fever, cough or difficulty breathing. 
zh-cn	如果您或您的孩子出现发热、咳嗽或呼吸困难等症状，应及早就医。

en-us	Consider calling ahead to tell your health care provider if you have traveled to an area where COVID-19 has been reported, or if you have been in close contact with someone with who has traveled from one of these areas and has respiratory symptoms.
zh-cn	如有以下情况，请提前与医务人员联系并告知：曾去过报告有2019冠状病毒病疫情的地区，或您与去过这些地区旅行并出现呼吸道症状的人有过密切接触。

en-us	Should I take my child out of school?
zh-cn	我是否应该让孩子先停课？

en-us	If your child shows symptoms of COVID-19, seek medical care, and follow the instructions from the health care provider. Otherwise, as with other respiratory infections like the flu, keep your child well rested at home while symptomatic, and avoid going to public places, to prevent spread to others.
zh-cn	如果您的孩子出现症状，请立即就诊并遵从医嘱。如果出现类似流感等其他呼吸道传染病的症状，请让您的孩子在家中休息，避免前往公共场所，以防传染给他人。

en-us	When possible, it’s best to keep your child in class.
zh-cn	如果您的孩子没有表现出任何发热或咳嗽等症状，最好让孩子继续上学。

en-us	If your child is staying at home because of school closures, continue teaching him or her good hand and respiratory hygiene practices, like frequent handwashing, covering coughs or sneezes with a flexed elbow or tissue, then throwing away the tissue into a closed bin, not touching their eyes, mouths or noses. 
zh-cn	除了让孩子停课之外，还要教会孩子在学校以及其他场所都保持良好的手部和呼吸道卫生，例如勤洗手，咳嗽或打喷嚏时用肘部或纸巾遮挡，然后将纸巾扔到密闭的垃圾桶中，不要用脏手触摸眼和口鼻。

en-us	What precautions should I take for my family if we travel?
zh-cn	和家人在旅行中应注意什么？

en-us	Anyone planning a trip overseas should always check the travel advisory for their destination country for any restrictions on entry, quarantine requirements on entry, or other relevant travel advice.
zh-cn	如果计划出国旅行，通常应该查看入境国是否有入境限制和入境隔离要求，同时需要留意其他相关旅行警示。

en-us	In addition to taking standard travel precautions, and in order to avoid being quarantined or denied re-entry into your home country, you are also advised to check the latest COVID-19 update on the International Air Transport Association website, which includes a list of countries and restriction measures.
zh-cn	除了一般的旅游警示外，为了防止归国时被隔离或拒绝入境，建议您查看国际航空运输协会网站发布的关于 COVID-19的最近更新，各国的限制措施均列示其中。

en-us	While traveling, all parents should follow standard hygiene measures for themselves and their children: Wash hands frequently or use an alcohol-based sanitizer with at least 60 per cent alcohol, practice good respiratory hygiene (cover your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze and immediately dispose of the used tissue) and avoid close contact with anyone who is coughing or sneezing.
zh-cn	旅行过程中，家长应按照标准的卫生措施来照顾自身及子女：勤洗手，或使用酒精含量不低于 60% 的免洗洗手液消毒，保持良好的呼吸道卫生（咳嗽或打喷嚏时用肘部或纸巾遮住口鼻，然后立即将用过的纸巾丢入垃圾桶），避免与正在咳嗽或打喷嚏的人近距离接触。

en-us	In addition, it is recommended that parents always carry a hand sanitizer, pack of disposable tissues, and disinfecting wipes.
zh-cn	另外，建议父母随身携带免洗洗手液、纸巾和消毒湿巾。

en-us	Additional recommendations include: Clean your seat, armrest, touchscreen, etc. with a disinfecting wipe once inside an aircraft or other vehicle. Also use a disinfecting wipe to clean key surfaces, doorknobs, remote controls, etc at the hotel or other accommodation where you and your children are staying.
zh-cn	其他建议包括：进入飞机或其他交通工具后，立即用消毒湿巾擦拭座椅、扶手、触摸屏等。在酒店或您与家人逗留的其他住宿场所，也要使用消毒湿巾擦拭键面、门把手、遥控器等。

en-us	Can pregnant women pass coronavirus to unborn children? 
zh-cn	冠状病毒是否会通过母婴传播？

en-us	At this time, there is not enough evidence to determine whether the virus is transmitted from a mother to her baby during pregnancy, or the potential impact this may have on the baby.
zh-cn	目前尚无足够证据表明冠状病毒存在母婴传播途径或对胎儿产生潜在影响。

en-us	This is currently being investigated.
zh-cn	进一步研究正在进行中。

en-us	Pregnant women should continue to follow appropriate precautions to protect themselves from exposure to the virus, and seek medical care early, if experiencing symptoms, such as fever, cough or difficulty breathing.
zh-cn	孕妇应继续采取适当的预防措施，避免自身暴露在病毒环境中。如果出现了发热、咳嗽或呼吸困难等症状，应尽早就医。

en-us	Is it safe for a mother to breastfeed if she is infected with coronavirus?
zh-cn	如果母亲感染了冠状病毒，母乳喂养是否安全？

en-us	All mothers in affected and at-risk areas who have symptoms of fever, cough or difficulty breathing, should seek medical care early, and follow instructions from a health care provider. 
zh-cn	在受疫情影响的地区，一旦母亲出现发热、咳嗽或呼吸困难等症状，应尽早就医并遵医嘱。 

en-us	Considering the benefits of breastfeeding and the insignificant role of breastmilk in the transmission of other respiratory viruses, the mother can continue breastfeeding, while applying all the necessary precautions.
zh-cn	考虑到母乳喂养的好处以及母乳在传播其他呼吸道病毒中无显著作用，母亲可以继续母乳喂养，同时采取所有必要的防护措施。

en-us	For symptomatic mothers well enough to breastfeed, this includes wearing a mask when near a child (including during feeding), washing hands before and after contact with the child (including feeding), and cleaning/disinfecting contaminated surfaces – as should be done in all cases where anyone with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 interacts with others, including children. 
zh-cn	对于出现症状但仍能够正常母乳喂养婴儿的母亲，应采取适当的保护措施，包括在接近孩子时（包括哺乳过程中）戴口罩，在与孩子接触前和接触后（包括哺乳）洗手，以及对被污染的表面进行清洁/消毒。这些要求同样适用于所有确诊或疑似的2019冠状病毒病例，包括儿童。  

en-us	If a mother is too ill, she should be encouraged to express milk and give it to the child via a clean cup and/or spoon – all while following the same infection prevention methods.
zh-cn	如果母亲病情严重，可以考虑鼓励她将母乳挤出来，然后用干净的杯子和/或勺子来喂养婴儿，同时做好前述预防感染措施。

en-us	I’m worried about bullying, discrimination and stigmatization. What’s the best way to talk about what’s happening?
zh-cn	我很担心霸凌、歧视和污名化行为。应该如何来谈论正在发生的事情？

en-us	It’s understandable if you’re feeling worried about the coronavirus.
zh-cn	如果您对冠状病毒感到担心是可以理解的。

en-us	But fear and stigma make a difficult situation worse.
zh-cn	但是恐惧和污名化行为只会让问题变得更严重。

en-us	For example, there are reports emerging from around the world of individuals, particularly of Asian descent, being subject to verbal or even physical abuse.
zh-cn	例如，世界各地都出现了特定群体（尤其是亚裔）遭受言语甚至身体虐待的报道。

en-us	Public health emergencies are stressful times for everyone affected.
zh-cn	突发公共卫生事件对每个受影响的人来说都是充满压力的时刻。

en-us	It’s important to stay informed and to be kind and supportive to each other.
zh-cn	重要的是随时了解最新信息，友善待人并相互支持。不当的言语会伤害到他人，带有刻板印象的言语会让人们不积极参加测试或采取保护自己和所在社区的必要防控措施。

en-us	Here are some do’s and don’ts for how to talk about the coronavirus with your children, family and friends:
zh-cn	当您在和孩子、家人以及朋友谈论冠状病毒时，请注意以下几点：

en-us	DO: talk about the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
zh-cn	正确做法：请谈论2019冠状病毒病。

en-us	DON’T: attach locations or ethnicity to the disease. Remember, viruses can’t target people from specific populations, ethnicities, or racial backgrounds.
zh-cn	错误做法：对病毒添加地点或种族的标签。请记住，病毒不会针对特定的人群、民族或种族背景。

en-us	DO: talk about “people who have COVID-19”, “people who are being treated for COVID-19”, “people who are recovering from COVID-19” or “people who died after contracting COVID-19”
zh-cn	正确做法：请用“感染新冠病毒的患者”、“正在接受新冠病毒治疗的患者”、“新冠病毒康复者”、“因感染新冠病毒去世人士”等描述方式。

en-us	DON’T: refer to people with the disease as “COVID-19 cases” or “victims”
zh-cn	错误做法：将患者称为“新冠病毒病例”或“受害者”。

en-us	DO: talk about people “acquiring” or “contracting” COVID-19 
zh-cn	正确做法：请称某人“患上”或“感染”了新冠病毒。 

en-us	DON’T: talk about people “transmitting COVID-19” “infecting others” or “spreading the virus” as it implies intentional transmission and assigns blame.
zh-cn	错误做法：称某人“传播新冠病毒”、“传染他人”、“散播病毒”等（这样隐含着有意传播并归咎于该人的意思）。

en-us	DO: speak accurately about the risk from COVID-19, based on scientific data and latest official health advice
zh-cn	正确做法：请基于科学数据和最新官方卫生建议以准确描述2019冠状病毒病的风险。

en-us	DON’T: repeat or share unconfirmed rumours, and avoid using hyperbolic language designed to generate fear like “plague”, “apocalypse” etc.
zh-cn	错误做法：散布不实传言，使用“瘟疫”、“大灾难”等字制造恐慌情绪。

en-us	DO: talk positively and emphasise the importance of effective prevention measures, including following our tips on handwashing.
zh-cn	正确做法：请正面谈论和强调有效防护措施的重要性，包括遵循我们的洗手小贴士。

en-us	For most people this is a disease they can overcome.
zh-cn	对于大多数人，这是一种他们可以克服的疾病。

en-us	There are simple steps we can all take to keep ourselves, our loved ones and the most vulnerable safe.
zh-cn	我们可以通过一些简单的措施来保护自己、亲友以及最脆弱的人的安全。