zh-cn	限制性措施推出
en-us	Restrictive measures launched

zh-cn	欧洲各国政府采取严厉措施来控制疫情，例如关闭了企业和学校、禁止公众集会、关闭边境以及命令民众待在家里。
en-us	European governments took drastic measures to curb the outbreak by shutting down businesses and schools, banning public gatherings, closing borders and ordering citizens to stay in their homes.

zh-cn	在最新措施中，受打击最严重的意大利关闭了所有非刚需企业，此举一直延续到4月3日。在此前，该国也多次采取严控措施。
en-us	In its latest efforts, the worst-hit Italy closed all non-essential businesses until April 3 after widening restrictions several times.

zh-cn	2月22日，政府强制隔离了意大利北部的11个城市，然后将封锁区域扩大到整个伦巴第地区和其他多个邻近省份。
en-us	On February 22, the government quarantined 11 municipalities in northern Italy, then enlarged the lockdown area to the entire region of Lombardy and multiple other provinces.

zh-cn	3月10日，意大利政府实行全国封锁。
en-us	A nationwide lockdown was finally imposed on March 10.

zh-cn	继意大利之后，法国和西班牙也采取了同样的隔离措施。
en-us	France and Spain also followed Italy's moves to quarantine the entire country.

zh-cn	上周，法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙下令实施严格的隔离措施，除必要的外出，公民应该待在家里，此外马克龙补充说，军队将协助转运病人至医院。
en-us	Last week, French President Emmanuel Macron ordered stringent restrictions to make people stay at home and only go out for essential trips, adding the army would be drafted in to help move the sick to hospitals.

zh-cn	任何违反这些隔离措施的人都将受到惩罚。
en-us	Anyone flouting the restrictions would be punished.

zh-cn	3月22日，桑切斯表示，政府正在考虑将目前的紧急隔离状态延长至4月11日。
en-us	Sanchez said on Sunday that his government was seeking to extend the current state of emergency until April 11.

zh-cn	自3月16日以来，西班牙一直处于封锁状态。此前，首相证实国家正初步处于“紧急状态”，并对公民外出实施了严格限制。
en-us	Spain was put under lockdown since March 16 after the PM confirmed an initial "State of Alarm", placing severe restrictions on citizens from going outside.

zh-cn	尽管德国没有在全国范围内实施封锁，但非刚需企业也已经关闭。
en-us	Although Germany stopped short of imposing nationwide lockdowns, non-essential businesses had already been closed across the country.

zh-cn	3月22日，默克尔在记者会上说，德国将禁止两人以上的公众集会。
en-us	Merkel told a press conference Sunday that Germany will prohibit public gatherings of more than two people.

zh-cn	其他几十个国家也宣布一系列类似的限制措施。大约20个欧洲国家进入紧急状态。
en-us	Dozens of other countries have also announced a series of similar restrictive measures. About 20 European nations have declared a state of emergency.

zh-cn	欧盟通过了一项前所未有的举措，对来自欧盟以外的非必要旅行实施30天的禁令，以阻止病毒的传播。成员国还单方面强制关闭全部或部分国家边境。
en-us	In an unprecedented move, the European Union approved a 30-day ban for non-essential travel from outside the bloc to halt the spread of the virus. Member countries also unilaterally imposed full or partial border closures.

zh-cn	3月16日，西班牙政府宣布关闭边境。自3月17日起，德国也关闭了与法国、瑞士、奥地利、丹麦和卢森堡的接壤边境。
en-us	On March 16, the Spanish government announced the closing of its land borders. Effective March 17, Germany shut down its borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Denmark and Luxembourg.

zh-cn	这样的举措在过往出入自由的欧洲申根地区实属罕见，因为在欧盟的条约中，自由进出一直是一个宝贵的原则。
en-us	Such moves were rare for the border-free Schengen area, where free travel was always a cherished principle.

zh-cn	它们有多有效?
en-us	How effective are they?

zh-cn	这取决于执行的严格程度。
en-us	It depends on how strictly they are enforced.

zh-cn	意大利现在是世界上受疫情影响最严重的国家，也是第一个在欧洲采取全面封锁措施的国家。
en-us	Italy – now the most-hit country in the world – was, in fact, the first to respond with sweeping measures in Europe.

zh-cn	1月31日，意大利政府宣布进入紧急状态，原因是该国最初两例新冠肺炎病例在罗马得到确诊。
en-us	On January 31, the Italian government declared a state of emergency as the country's first two cases were confirmed in Rome.

zh-cn	然而，自2月下旬以来，确诊病例数呈指数级增长，死亡人数几百人地增加，政府的封锁力度似乎呈现滞后性。
en-us	However, number of cases grew exponentially since late February, and the death toll rose by hundreds. The government's paced lockdown seemed to always lag behind.

zh-cn	意大利卫生部门列举了高死亡率背后的各种原因，关键原因之一是人口老龄化，老年人特别容易感染此类病毒并产生并发症。其二是因为早期检测不充分，导致病例大量增长，使得医疗系统过度紧张。
en-us	Health authorities have cited a variety of reasons for Italy's high toll. Key among them is its large elderly population, who are particularly susceptible to serious complications from the virus; insufficient testing at the early stage; and the over-stretched health system due to the influx of patients.

zh-cn	另一个主要原因也可能是一些意大利人没有认真对待全国隔离，正如中国红十字会副会长孙硕鹏在访问受灾最严重的城市米兰后所说。
en-us	Another major reason could be that some Italians failed to take the national lockdown seriously, as pointed out by the leader of a delegation from the Chinese Red Cross after a visit to the hard-hit city of Milan.

zh-cn	意大利实施全国范围的隔离后，当地人仍在四处走动，乘坐公共交通工具，前往酒店吃饭，这些情况令孙硕鹏感到很震惊。
en-us	Sun Shuopeng said he was shocked to see so many people walking around, using public transportation and eating out in hotels after the nationwide quarantine was imposed.

zh-cn	自从世界卫生组织宣布欧洲为新冠肺炎的新爆发中心以来，欧洲新增病例和死亡人数的报告进一步加速，没有任何减弱的迹象。
en-us	Since Europe was announced as the new epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic by the World Health Organization, reports of new cases and deaths in Europe further accelerated, with no sign of abating.

zh-cn	尽管防控措施需要付出的代价巨大，但仍有必要采取更严厉的措施。
en-us	Tougher measures are needed despite their huge costs.

zh-cn	意大利的经验告诉我们，应尽早采取隔离措施，只有严格执行这些措施，才能真正遏制传染源并抑制病毒的传播链。
en-us	Italy's experience tells that the restrictive measures should be launched early, and only by the strict implementation can they really contain the sources of infection and break the chains of transmission.