en-us	COVID-19:The global food supply chain is holding up, for now
zh-cn	世界粮食计划署报告：全球粮食供应链暂未受影响

en-us	The unfolding COVID-19 pandemic is so far having little impact on the global food supply chain,
zh-cn	2019冠状病毒疫情目前对全球粮食供应链没有造成影响，

en-us	but that could change for the worse  and soon  if anxiety-driven panic by major food importers takes hold,
zh-cn	但如果主要粮食进口国因焦虑而引起的恐慌占了上风，情况可能很快就会变得更糟。

en-us	In a new report, “COVID-19:Potential impact on the world's poorest people"
zh-cn	粮食计划署今天发布了题为“2019冠状病毒：对全球最贫困人口可能的影响”

en-us	A WFP analysis of the economic and food security implications of the pandemic”,
zh-cn	粮食计划署分析大流行对经济和粮食安全的影响”的报告。

en-us	the UN agency said that global markets for basic cereals are well-supplied and prices generally low.
zh-cn	报告指出，全球基本谷物市场供应良好，而且价格普遍较低。

en-us	However, it said, given the highly globalized nature of food production and supply,
zh-cn	报告指出，由于高度全球化的粮食生产和供应，

en-us	commodities need to move from the world's 'breadbaskets' to where they are consumed
zh-cn	商品需要从世界的“面包篮”转向食品消费国，

en-us	and COVID-19-related containment measures are starting to make this more challenging.
zh-cn	而与2019冠状病毒有关的限制措施正在让这一点更具挑战性。

en-us	"Disruptions are so far minimal; food supply is adequate, and markets are relatively stable," said WFP Senior Spokesperson, Elizabeth Byrs,
zh-cn	世界粮食计划署发言人伊丽莎白·拜尔斯表示：“到目前为止，破坏非常小；粮食供应充足，市场相对稳定。”

en-us	noting that global cereal stocks are at comfortable levels
zh-cn	她认为，全球谷物库存处于适当水平，

en-us	and the outlook for wheat and other staple crops is positive for the rest of this year.
zh-cn	而今年下半年，小麦和其他主食作物的前景乐观。

en-us	explaining that if big importers lose confidence in the reliable flow of basic food commodities, panic buying could ensue, driving prices up.
zh-cn	如果大宗进口商对基本食品的可靠流通失去信心，引发恐慌性购买，从而推高价格，

en-us	"But we may soon expect to see disruptions in food supply chains”,
zh-cn	食品供应链的中断可能很快会出现。

en-us	'Behavioural change' could rock markets
zh-cn	“行为改变”可能会影响市场

en-us	Elaborating, a seasoned grain market analyst at the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), quoted anonymously in the report,
zh-cn	报告引述了联合国粮农组织一位经验丰富的谷物匿名市场分析师的观点。

en-us	said the problem is not supply, but "a behavioral change over food security".
zh-cn	他认为，问题不在于供应，而在于“对粮食安全的行为改变”。

en-us	"What if bulk buyers think they can't get wheat or rice shipments in May or June?
zh-cn	他说：“如果大宗买家认为无法在5月或6月获得小麦或大米运输怎么办？

en-us	That is what could lead to a global food supply crisis,” the analyst said.
zh-cn	那可能会导致全球粮食供应危机。”

en-us	For low-income countries, the consequences could be devastating, with long-term repercussions,
zh-cn	对于低收入国家而言，后果可能是毁灭性的，并具有长期影响，

en-us	with coping strategies coming at the expense of such essential services as health and education.
zh-cn	随之而来的应对战略将以牺牲卫生和教育等基本服务为代价。

en-us	It recalled that when a food price crisis struck in 2008, the world's poorest households which typically spend the largest share of income on food – suffered disproportionately.
zh-cn	报告回顾说，当2008年爆发食品价格危机时，世界上最贫穷的家庭遭受了不成比例的损失，这些国家往往将大部分收入用于食品消费。

en-us	Using the economic pillar of the Proteus food security index
zh-cn	该报告说，根据普罗透斯食品安全指数（Proteus food security index）的经济维度，

en-us	and taking into account dependency on primary commodities such as fuel, ores and metals for export earnings
zh-cn	并考虑到出口收入对燃料、矿石和金属等主要商品的依赖性，

en-us	the report said that countries in Africa and the Middle East are most vulnerable.
zh-cn	非洲和中东国家处境最脆弱。

en-us	Africa most vulnerable
zh-cn	非洲最脆弱

en-us	Africa accounts for the majority of the almost 212 million people in the world who are chronically food insecure
zh-cn	报告指出，在全球近2.12亿长期粮食不安全的人口中，非洲占了绝大部分；

en-us	and the 95 million who live amidst acute food insecurity, the report noted.
zh-cn	有9500万人生活在严重粮食不安全的条件中。

en-us	Ms.Byrs added that labour shortages could disrupt the production and processing of labour-intensive crops in particularly,
zh-cn	拜尔斯表示，劳动力短缺可能会干扰劳动密集型作物的生产和加工，

en-us	especially in vulnerable countries in sub-Saharan Africa.
zh-cn	特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲的脆弱国家。

en-us	Other potential sources of disruption include blockages along transport routes,
zh-cn	其他潜在的负面因素包括运输路线上的封锁，

en-us	a particular concern for fresh produce,
zh-cn	这尤其影响到新鲜农产品，

en-us	and quarantine measures that could impede farmers’ access to markets, he explained.
zh-cn	一些检疫措施也可能阻碍农民的市场准入。

en-us	Going forward, the WFP report said that it is essential to monitor food prices and markets, and to transparently disseminate information,
zh-cn	世界粮食计划署的报告指出，展望未来，监测食品价格和市场，确保信息透明至关重要，

en-us	thus helping to strengthen government policies while also averting public panic, and social unrest.
zh-cn	这有助于加强政府政策，同时避免公众恐慌和社会动荡。

en-us	It added that in places where food insecurity is caused by restricted access, rather than lack of availability,
zh-cn	报告指出，在粮食不安全的地区，如果这一局面是因准入限制而不是因为缺乏可获得性而造成，

en-us	cash-based transfers  which can often be made through contactless solutions  should be considered as a standard response.
zh-cn	那么现金转移可以被视为一种标准的应对措施，现金转移可以通过无接触的方式进行。

en-us	the report continued, noting that supply chain disruptions are likely to affect higher-value items first.
zh-cn	报告指出，供应链中断可能会首先影响高价值的物品。

en-us	Such items involve more tiers of suppliers, human interaction and dependency on few suppliers,
zh-cn	这些物品涉及更多层级的供应商、人际互动和对少数供应商的依赖性。

en-us	putting specialized nutritious food more at risk than staples.
zh-cn	这使得特殊营养食品比主食面临的风险更大。