en-us	HONG KONG — One man made fake Honeywell N95 respirators at a makeshift factory on a farm. 
zh-cn	香港——一名男子在位于一家农场的临时工厂里制造假冒的霍尼韦尔N95口罩。

en-us	Pharmacies sold ineffective knockoffs of a Chinese version of Clorox. 
zh-cn	药店出售根本没有效果的假冒伪劣84消毒液。

en-us	In one Chinese province, authorities seized more than seven million masks that were substandard, mislabeled or counterfeited.  
zh-cn	在中国的某省，当局查获了700多万个假冒伪劣口罩。 

en-us	China’s vast manufacturing machine has moved into overdrive to supply the country and the world with masks, testing kits, respirators and other gear to fight the global coronavirus pandemic. 
zh-cn	为了抗击全球冠状病毒的大流行，中国庞大的制造机器已经开始超速运转，为国内外提供口罩、检测试剂盒、呼吸面罩以及其他设备。

en-us	Companies big and small that once manufactured other items are now in the business of making anti-coronavirus gear — and regulators in China are struggling to enforce standards while encouraging the flow.  
zh-cn	生产其他产品的大小企业，现在都在生产抗击冠状病毒的装备——中国的监管机构难以做到在鼓励生产的同时执行生产标准。 

en-us	Those tensions blew into the open internationally this week. 
zh-cn	本周，这些矛盾在国际上突然暴露出来。

en-us	Officials in Spain said testing kits it bought from a Chinese company had only a 30 percent accuracy rate, rather than the 80 percent rate they had expected.  
zh-cn	西班牙官员称，他们从一家中国企业购买的检测试剂盒准确率只有30%，而不是之前预期的80%。 

en-us	The Chinese embassy in Spain said in a series of tweets that the company that made the test kits, Shenzhen Bioeasy Biotechnology, had not been on Beijing’s list of certified providers nor a supplier to aid packages organized by Chinese companies like Alibaba, the e-commerce giant. 
zh-cn	中国驻西班牙大使馆发布了多条推文，称制造试剂盒的深圳易瑞生物技术有限公司既不在北京的认证供应商名单上，也不是电子商务巨头阿里巴巴等中国企业组织的一揽子援助计划里的供应商。

en-us	Market regulators in Shenzhen, the southern Chinese city where the company is based, said they were investigating the matter.  
zh-cn	该公司总部所在地，中国南方城市深圳的市场监管机构表示，他们正在调查此事。 

en-us	Spanish health officials said they bought the tests from an unnamed third-party distributor but argued that they did not need to wait for a certified list from China, saying they had already received European certification. 
zh-cn	西班牙卫生官员称，他们从一家未透露姓名的第三方分销商那里购买了这些试剂盒，但辩称不必等待中国的认证名单，他们已经拿到了欧洲的认证名单。

en-us	“Spain follows the norm of the European Union,” the health ministry said.  
zh-cn	“西班牙遵循欧盟的规范，”西班牙卫生部表示。 

en-us	Still, the news was unwelcome for Spaniards who have waited for several days for their government’s promised rollout of hundreds of thousands of tests to help track the spread of the virus. 
zh-cn	尽管如此，西班牙人仍难以接受这一消息，连日来他们都在等待政府承诺的大批量检测，以帮助追踪病毒的传播。

en-us	The spat came a day after the Spanish government announced a $475 million order for emergency medical equipment from China.   
zh-cn	就在争论出现的前一天，西班牙政府宣布从中国订购价值4.75亿美元的急救医疗物资。 

en-us	In a statement on social media, Bioeasy said that Spanish officials did not understand how to conduct the test and that it made videos and issued instructions to help them.  
zh-cn	易瑞生物在社交媒体上的一份声明中表示，西班牙方面检测不当，他们制作了视频，并发布了使用指南。 

en-us	As it has in other industries, from cars to electronics, China has become essential to the medical supply business and has challenged outdated notions that it primarily makes cheap, shoddy goods. 
zh-cn	与汽车、电子等其他行业一样，中国已经成为医疗供应产业的重要组成部分，并挑战了那些认为它主要生产廉价、劣质商品的过时观念。

en-us	Even before the coronavirus struck it made roughly half the world’s protective masks and has become a major force in the manufacturing of day-to-day medical gear.  
zh-cn	甚至在冠状病毒袭击前，中国就已经生产了世界上大约一半的防护口罩，并成为日常医疗设备的主要制造力量。 

en-us	It expanded its capacity significantly after the coronavirus first emerged in the city of Wuhan, as factories retooled or expanded and new companies sprang up. 
zh-cn	在冠状病毒首先出现在武汉之后，工厂开始重组或扩建、新企业涌现，中国的产能更是得到了显著提高。

en-us	BYD, a company that normally makes electric cars, says it could make five million masks and 300,000 bottles of disinfectants a day. 
zh-cn	原本制造电动汽车的企业比亚迪表示，他们每天可以生产500万个口罩和30万瓶消毒剂。

en-us	Foxconn, a Taiwanese company that typically makes gadgets like iPhones on behalf of Apple and other companies in giant Chinese factories, churned out 10 million masks for its own employees in February and said it was close to making two million a day.  
zh-cn	台湾企业富士康在中国的大型工厂原本为苹果生产iPhone等产品，也为其他企业代工，他们在2月表示，已为员工生产了1000万个口罩，并表示每天的产量接近200万个。 

en-us	With its own outbreak seemingly tamed for now, China has looked to sell or donate masks and other gear, in part to improve its public image after it tried, disastrously, to play down its coronavirus crisis in January. 
zh-cn	由于国内的疫情目前似乎已经得到控制，中国一直在寻求出售或捐赠口罩和其他装备，这在一定程度上也是为了改善其国际形象——中国在1月曾经试图淡化冠状病毒危机，导致了灾难性后果。

en-us	Chinese-made masks have been part of aid packages to Europe, to developing countries and to the United States. 
zh-cn	中国生产的口罩已经成为了对欧洲、发展中国家和美国援助计划的一部分。

en-us	In a tweet on Thursday, Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo of New York thanked Huawei, the Chinese telecommunications company that has been mostly banned from doing business in the United States over Washington’s security concerns, for donations of masks and other protective gear.  
zh-cn	周四，纽约州州长安德鲁·库默(Andrew M. Cuomo)发推感谢中国电信企业华为捐赠的口罩和其他防护装备。华盛顿出于安全考虑，基本上禁止华为在美国做生意。 

en-us	But even as it encourages production, the Chinese government has also had to step up enforcement efforts to stop defective and uncertified products. 
zh-cn	但即便在鼓励生产的同时，中国政府也不得不加大执法力度，杜绝不良的和未经认证的产品。

en-us	That presents a challenge to Chinese officials, who have to ensure quality standards are met even as they push factories to make what the world needs.   
zh-cn	这对中国官员来说是一个挑战，他们在推动工厂满足全世界需求的同时，必须确保产品符合质量标准。 

en-us	The problem isn’t confined to China. 
zh-cn	这个问题不仅限于中国。

en-us	In the United States, an initial coronavirus test kit rolled out by government officials contained a faulty indicator. 
zh-cn	在美国，政府官员最初推出的冠状病毒检测试剂盒就存在缺陷。

en-us	But the sheer size of China’s response and the lingering effects of its own coronavirus containment efforts have complicated the process.   
zh-cn	但中国的应对规模之大，及其自身对冠状病毒的控制措施所带来的持续影响，使这一过程变得复杂起来。 

en-us	“Every time when something major happens in society like this virus outbreak, there is a lot of demand and different kinds of companies try to get in,” said Cody Zhang, the chief executive officer of a start-up seeking certification for its own products, including a disinfecting robot. 
zh-cn	“每当社会上发生类似这次疫情的重大事件，都会出现大量需求，各种各样的公司都想进入这个市场，”一家初创公司的首席执行官张朝辉说，该公司正在为自己的产品寻求认证，其中包括一种智能杀毒机器人。

en-us	“It becomes hard at the beginning to figure out which ones are good and which ones are bad.”  
zh-cn	“一开始就很难分辨哪些公司是好的，哪些是坏的。” 

en-us	Regulators have shut down tens of thousands of shops making fake masks, faulty thermal temperature guns and disinfectants that don’t work, according to government disclosures. 
zh-cn	根据政府披露的信息，监管机构已经关闭了数万家生产假冒口罩、伪劣测温枪和无效消毒剂的作坊。

en-us	Thousands of companies and individuals have been punished for offenses like making counterfeits or price gouging, according to China’s State Administration for Market Regulation, which oversees standards and testing.  
zh-cn	负责质量标准和检测的国家市场监督管理总局表示，数千家企业和个人因制假售假或哄抬价格等违法行为受到了处罚。 

en-us	Earlier this month, Chinese regulators vowed to step up cooperation with local law enforcement to stamp out counterfeits and shoddy goods. 
zh-cn	本月早些时候，中国监管机构承诺要加强与当地执法部门的合作，打击假冒伪劣产品。

en-us	“In our next steps, we will continue to take solid action toward a ‘severe punishment and no amnesty’ approach,” said Chen Zhijiang, an official with the market regulation agency. 
zh-cn	“下一步，将继续扎实推进专项行动，对违法行为严惩不贷，”市场监管总局官员陈志江表示。

en-us	The agency did not respond to a request for comment.  
zh-cn	该机构没有回应记者的置评请求。 

en-us	Police have been sent out to raid the operations of counterfeiters across China. 
zh-cn	中国已经出动警力对各地造假者进行突击检查。

en-us	In the city of Chongqing, some 88,500 officers filed hundreds of cases. 
zh-cn	在重庆市，出动执法人员约8.85万人次，查处了数百起案子。

en-us	Many of those were related to poor quality protective gear. 
zh-cn	其中许多案件都与劣质防护装备有关。

en-us	Others included the manufacturing of counterfeit drugs and medical devices. 
zh-cn	其他包括制造假药和医疗器械。 

en-us	At the same time, local officials have worked to streamline the certification process to bring new capacity and new devices online.  
zh-cn	与此同时，地方官员也在努力简化认证程序，以便让新产能和新设备尽快启动。

en-us	Mr. Zhang, whose robot start-up in Shenzhen is called YouIbot, and his engineers built an antivirus robot over a frenzied two weeks. 
zh-cn	张朝辉在深圳创办的公司名为优艾智合机器人，他的工程师们在疯狂的两周时间里，研发出了一个消杀机器人。

en-us	As it rolls along the floor, six ultraviolet light bars sanitize the surface, and its infrared camera can scan patients and other people in public for fevers.  
zh-cn	当它在地板上移动时，六个紫外线光柱会对环境物体表面进行消毒，而其红外线摄像头可以扫描病人或在公共场所的其他人是否发烧。 

en-us	Shenzhen officials jumped in to help get the robot certified, Mr. Zhang said. 
zh-cn	张朝辉说，深圳官员的介入帮助这一机器人获得了认证。

en-us	Companies making “epidemic prevention” products are placed in a priority line for regulatory approval. 
zh-cn	监管机构把生产防疫用品的企业放在审批的优先级别。

en-us	In mid-March, a senior city official made a high-profile visit to the offices of YouIbot and other start-ups with ambitions to make outbreak-related products, and spoke to city cleaners in a media campaign to emphasize how the city is getting back to work.  
zh-cn	三月中，市政府一名高级官员高调参观了优艾智合机器人和其他初创企业的办公室，这些企业都有生产与疫情相关产品的雄心。该官员还在媒体造势中对城市清洁工发表讲话，强调城市正在复工。 

en-us	The effort helped shorten YouIBot’s ability to deliver a robot to one month from three for the subway system in the adjacent city of Guangzhou, said Keyman Guan, YouIbot’s marketing director.  
zh-cn	优艾智合机器人的公关总监关健称，政府的努力让优艾智合机器人将产品交付给邻近城市广州的地铁系统的时间从三个月缩短至一个月。

en-us	“It happened in just a blink,” Mr.Guan said.
zh-cn	关先生说“就是一瞬间的事。” 

en-us	Companies looking to get into outbreak prevention can readily find money. 
zh-cn	寻求进入疫情防控市场的公司很容易就能找到资金。

en-us	Starting up can prove to be harder. 
zh-cn	而创业可能会更艰难。 

en-us	In Hong Kong, a semiautonomous Chinese city, long lines formed outside pharmacies as desperate residents sought masks. 
zh-cn	在半自治的中国城市香港，着急的居民在药店外排起长队，希望能买到口罩。

en-us	Seeing an opportunity, Tong Ka-fai, a filmmaker and former child actor, raised money from his production company’s investors and from his film editor to buy a mask-making machine in Chennai, India. 
zh-cn	曾做过童星的电影制作人唐家辉从制片公司的投资者和他的剪辑师那里筹集了资金，在印度金奈购买了一台生产口罩的机器。

en-us	In interviews, he said he had enough raw material to make 10 million masks in two or three months.  
zh-cn	他在接受采访时表示，自己有足够的原材料，可以在两三个月内生产1000万个口罩。 

en-us	“I am not the first to see this market. 
zh-cn	“我不是第一个看到这个市场的人。

en-us	I may even be one of the last ones,” he said in an interview in February. 
zh-cn	我甚至可能是最后几个人之一，”他在2月的一次采访中表示。

en-us	“But I took action right away.”  
zh-cn	“但我立刻采取了行动。” 

en-us	Mask Factory, his new mask-making company, offered a subscription plan that promised to send customers a box of masks every month.   
zh-cn	他的公司口罩工厂(Mask Factory)提供了会员方案，承诺每个月为客户发一盒口罩。 

en-us	“I wanted to avoid the desperate feeling of hunting for masks every time I ran out,” said Scarlett Chan, a secondary school teacher, who subscribed. 
zh-cn	“我想避免那种每次用完了口罩到处找的恐慌感，”购买了这一服务的中学教师斯嘉丽·陈说。

en-us	“The plan promised one box every month. 
zh-cn	“这个计划承诺每个月有一盒。

en-us	It sounded too good.”  
zh-cn	听起来再好不过了。” 

en-us	Then some customers requested refunds after local media reported that its masks had failed testing standards and that the company had been kicked out by its landlord. 
zh-cn	随后，当地媒体报道称，该公司的口罩没有达到检测标准，并被业主终止厂房租约，一些顾客要求退款。

en-us	On Thursday, two of its masks passed a second set of tests. 
zh-cn	周四，该公司的两个口罩通过第二轮测试。

en-us	It also said it had chosen to move from its old location.   
zh-cn	他们还表示，公司已经迁离原址。 

en-us	“I feel really stupid,” Ms. Chan said. 
zh-cn	“我觉得自己特别傻，”斯嘉丽·陈说，

en-us	“I wanted to support a local venture but am now one of the people who fell into a trap.”  
zh-cn	“我本想支持一家本地企业，结果却成了落入陷阱的人之一。” 

en-us	Mr. Tong said the company had been hacked, snarling its operations, but that refund requests had been processed and new products would be shipped. 
zh-cn	唐家辉称公司遭黑客攻击，业务受到影响，但已经在处理退款请求，新产品也将会发货。 

en-us	“Our haters and competitors keep exaggerating what we haven’t done well,” he said, “but our supporters really believe in us.” 
zh-cn	“抹黑我们的人和竞争对手不断夸大我们没做好的事情，”他说，“但我们的支持者真的相信我们。”