en-us	Another Virus Victim: The U.S. as a Global Leader in a Time of Crisis 
zh-cn	面对新冠危机，美国不再是一个慷慨的全球领导者 

en-us	BRUSSELS — In the name of “America First,” President Trump has pulled out of the Paris climate agreement and questioned the usefulness of the United Nations and NATO, displaying his distaste for the multinational institutions the United States had constructed and led since World War II. 
zh-cn	布鲁塞尔——特朗普总统以“美国优先”的名义退出了《巴黎气候协定》，并曾质疑联合国和北约的作用，这都是他厌恶美国自“二战”以来建立并曾领导的多国机构的表现。 

en-us	As the coronavirus crisis escalates across the globe, the United States is stepping back further, abandoning its longtime role as a generous global leader able to coordinate an ambitious, multinational response to a worldwide emergency. 
zh-cn	随着新型冠状病毒危机在世界各地不断升级，美国正在进一步后退，放弃自己长期以来的角色。美国曾是一个慷慨的全球领导者，在全球出现紧急情况时能够协调雄心勃勃的多国应对措施。 

en-us	During both the economic meltdown in 2008 and the Ebola crisis of 2014, the United States assumed the role of global coordinator of responses — sometimes imperfectly, but with the acceptance and gratitude of its allies and even its foes. 
zh-cn	在2008年经济崩溃以及2014年的埃博拉病毒危机期间，美国承担起全球应对措施协调者的角色，尽管有时做得并不完美，但得到了盟友甚至敌人的接受和感激。 

en-us	In 2003, President George W. Bush established a program, the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, that has provided as much as $90 billion and is considered the largest single effort against a single disease. It is credited for saving many thousands of lives in Africa alone. 
zh-cn	2003年，美国总统乔治·W·布什设立了“总统艾滋病紧急救援计划”(President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief)，它已为抗击艾滋病提供了高达900亿美元的资金，被认为是针对单个疾病所做出的最大努力，仅在非洲，这个计划就挽救了成千上万人的性命。 

en-us	But the United States is not taking those kinds of steps today. 
zh-cn	但如今的美国没有在采取这样的步骤。 

en-us	“There is from President Trump’s America a selfishness that is new,’’ said Jan Techau, a senior fellow at the German Marshall Fund in Berlin. 
zh-cn	“特朗普总统领导下的美国有一种新的自私，”柏林的德国马歇尔基金会(German Marshall Fund)高级研究员扬·特肖(Jan Techau)说。 

en-us	While all nations act to protect themselves, he said, the United States traditionally saw that responsibility as having a broader reach. 
zh-cn	他表示，虽然所有国家都在采取行动保护自己，但美国历来认为这个责任覆盖更大的范围。 

en-us	With Mr. Trump’s unembellished nationalism and slogan of “America First,’’ his efforts to blame first China and then Europe for the coronavirus, and his various misstatements of fact, “it means that America no longer serves the planet,’’ Mr. Techau said. 
zh-cn	特肖说，特朗普毫不掩饰的民族主义和“美国优先”的口号，他先把新冠病毒归咎于中国，后又归咎于欧洲，加上他对事实的各种错误陈述，“意味着美国不再为这个星球服务”。 

en-us	“America was always strong on self-interest but it has been very generous,” he said. 
zh-cn	“美国虽然一直重视自身利益，但也非常慷慨，”他说。 

en-us	“That generosity seems to be gone, and that’s bad news for the world.’
zh-cn	“这种慷慨看来已经消失，这对世界不利。” 

en-us	The pandemic is hardly at its peak, so judgments should be tempered, said Claudia Major, an analyst of international security at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs in Berlin. 
zh-cn	新冠病毒全球大流行还未达到顶峰，所以应该缓作评价，柏林的德国国际与安全事务研究所(German Institute for International and Security Affairs)国际安全分析师克劳迪娅·梅杰(Claudia Major)说。 

en-us	“But this crisis is confirmation of a structural change in U.S. political leadership,’’ she said. 
zh-cn	“但这次危机证实了美国的政治领导力已经出现了结构性变化，”她说。 

en-us	“There is no U.S. global leadership and no U.S. model,’’ Ms. Major added. 
zh-cn	“没有美国的全球领导力，也没有美国模式，”梅杰补充说。 

en-us	“Success would be that you manage the pandemic at home, rally allies around you, lead the alliance, supply global public goods and organize the global response, as with Ebola.” 
zh-cn	“要成功的话，你要能控制大流行病的国内疫情，将盟友团结在你的周围，领导这个联盟，为全球提供公共产品，组织全球的应对措施，像对付埃博拉病毒那样。” 

en-us	Instead, American institutions “don’t seem to be able to cope at home,” she said, and there is “a Trump response to act alone.’
zh-cn	与此相反，美国的机构“似乎无法应对国内的疫情”，她说，而且采取的是一种“特朗普式的独自行动做法”。 

en-us	The United States did provide some early aid to China. 
zh-cn	美国确实在早期向中国提供了一些援助。 

en-us	But in general, the administration has left even close allies to fend for themselves. 
zh-cn	但总的来说，特朗普政府甚至让美国的亲密盟友自己想办法。 

en-us	Mr. Trump has defended his ban on all travel from the European Union, but he did not bother to consult with European leaders or even give them advance notice. 
zh-cn	特朗普已在为他禁止所有欧盟旅客进入美国的禁令做辩护，但在这件事上，他没有与欧洲领导人协商，甚至没有提前通知他们。 

en-us	The United States has the leadership of the Group of 7 industrialized countries this year, but it was the energetic French president, Emmanuel Macron, who called Mr. Trump twice in 10 days to suggest a G-7 virus summit by videoconference. 
zh-cn	虽然美国是主要工业国家七国集团今年的轮值主席，却是精力充沛的法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙(Emmanuel Macron)在10天内给特朗普打了两次电话，建议以视频形式召开七国集团峰会，讨论病毒问题。 

en-us	Mr. Trump agreed, but left Mr. Macron to organize it. 
zh-cn	特朗普同意了，但让马克龙来组织。 

en-us	Germans and Europeans generally are angry about accusations from German officials that the Trump administration, and reportedly Mr. Trump himself, offered $1 billion to a German pharmaceutical company, Cure-Vac, to buy monopoly rights to a potential Covid-19 vaccine. 
zh-cn	德国官员曾指责特朗普政府（据说是特朗普本人）向德国制药公司Cure-Vac出价10亿美元，购买一种可能对新冠病毒有效的疫苗的专卖权。德国人和欧洲人对此普遍感到愤怒。 

en-us	The White House denies the accusations and the company has denied receiving a takeover offer. 
zh-cn	白宫否认了这些指控，那家德国公司也否认有这个收购出价。 

en-us	But its lead investor made clear there was some kind of approach. 
zh-cn	但公司的主要投资者曾明确表示存在某种接触。 

en-us	Whatever the reality, “the point is that people think Trump is capable of that,’’ Ms. Major said. 
zh-cn	无论事实如何，“关键是人们认为特朗普有干出这种事的能耐，”梅杰说。 

en-us	“That’s where we’ve arrived in the trans-Atlantic relationship, that people say, ‘Yes, that sounds right for the American president.’ 
zh-cn	“我们的跨大西洋关系已进入了这种状态，以至于人们会说，‘是的，听起来是这位美国总统干得出的事情。’” 

en-us	Peter Westmacott, a former British ambassador to Washington, said, “Most of us see the crisis in terms of what it means for our families, our livelihoods and the future of our own country.’
zh-cn	曾任英国驻华盛顿大使的彼得·韦斯特马科特(Peter Westmacott)说，“我们大多数人看这场危机的角度是，它对我们的家庭、我们的生计，以及我们国家的未来意味着什么。” 

en-us	“But obviously we are also looking at how others are dealing with the situation,” he continued. 
zh-cn	“但显然，我们也在观察其他人如何应对这一危机，”他接着说。 

en-us	“Seen from a distance, Trump’s performance has pretty much confirmed the views people over here already had of him — that it’s all about ‘me,’ with no acceptance of responsibility for earlier failures.’
zh-cn	“站在远处看，特朗普的表现基本上证实了大西洋这边的人对他的看法——一切都是关于‘我’，不对早些时候的失误承担责任。” 

en-us	The suggestion that Mr. Trump tried to buy out the German company, “true or not, did not play well in the European media,” Mr. Westmacott said. 
zh-cn	有关特朗普试图收购那家德国公司的传言，“不管是真是假，都在欧洲媒体上反应不佳，”韦斯特马科特说。 

en-us	“It felt more ‘America first’ than America in its traditional role of a big-hearted great power.’
zh-cn	“这更像是‘美国优先’，而不是美国传统的大国角色。” 

en-us	The contrast is to China,
zh-cn	与美国形成对比的是中国。

en-us	which made huge mistakes at the onset of the crisis, but since then appears to have managed it effectively,  
zh-cn	中国在危机开始时犯了巨大的错误，但从那以后似乎有效地管理了危机。 

en-us	using harsh quarantine measures others are studying.
zh-cn	其他国家正在学习中国使用严厉的隔离措施。

en-us	China is also now sending aid — needed respiratory and surgical masks, ventilators and medical personnel — to Italy and Serbia, which have condemned their European allies for not providing early and efficient help. 
zh-cn	中国还向意大利和塞尔维亚提供急需的呼吸防护和外科口罩、呼吸机以及医疗队。这两个国家谴责他们的欧洲盟国没有及早、有效地提供帮助。 

en-us	On Wednesday, China offered the European Union as a whole two million surgical masks, 200,000 advanced N95 masks and 50,000 testing kits. 
zh-cn	周三，中国向欧盟作为一个整体提供了200万个外科口罩、20万个N95高级口罩，以及5万个检测试剂盒。 

en-us	On Friday, China sent several million masks to Belgium. 
zh-cn	周五，中国向比利时运送了几百万个口罩。 

en-us	The Chinese billionaire Jack Ma has even offered aid to the United States, promising to send 500,000 virus test kits and a million protective masks. 
zh-cn	中国亿万富翁马云甚至向美国伸出援助之手，承诺为美国提供50万个检测试剂盒和100万个防护口罩。 

en-us	“There is a serious battle of narratives,’’ Ms. Major said. 
zh-cn	“这是一场认真的叙事战，”梅杰说。 

en-us	“And the Chinese have become good at what was once America’s tool, soft power.’
zh-cn	“中国人已经学会了使用美国人曾经擅长的工具——软实力。” 

en-us	The Chinese, she said, are “trying to make everyone forget that a lot of what we’re experiencing is because of their domestic failure.’
zh-cn	她说，中国人正在“试图让所有人忘记，我们正在经历的很多事情是因为他们的国内失误”。 

en-us	So even as China provides aid to Italy and Serbia, she said, “it is asking, ‘Where are your European friends?’ and giving the impression that China acts, is coordinating, leads.’
zh-cn	因此，她说，就在中国向意大利和塞尔维亚提供援助的同时，“它也在问，‘你们的欧洲朋友在哪里？’，并在给人一种中国在行动、在协调、在领导的印象。” 

en-us	But the United States, she said, “seems unwilling or unable to lead.’
zh-cn	她说，但美国“似乎不愿意或没能力起领导作用”。 

en-us	To many European friends, the American domestic response is disheartening. 
zh-cn	对许多欧洲盟友来说，美国国内对疫情的响应令人沮丧。 

en-us	The United States “seems at least as fragmented as the European Union, if not more so,’’ said Marietje Schaake, a former European legislator now at Stanford University’s Cyber Policy Center. 
zh-cn	美国“看起来至少像欧盟那样四分五裂，如果不是更四分五裂的话”，玛丽彻·沙克(Marietje Schaake)说，她曾任欧洲议会议员，现就职于斯坦福大学网络政策中心(Stanford University's Cyber Policy Center)。 

en-us	“The U.S. looks more fragile in part because it lacks the social structures we have in Europe,” she added. 
zh-cn	“美国看上去更脆弱，部分原因是美国没有我们在欧洲所拥有的社会结构，”她补充说。 

en-us	“There is comfort in knowing that there is a bottom, a net that will catch you.’
zh-cn	“知道有一个底，有一张会兜住你的网，是一种安慰。” 

en-us	Ms. Schaake is most worried “about a breakdown of what holds society together, and the risk is bigger in the U.S. than in Europe,’’ she said. 
zh-cn	沙克最担心的是“将社会维系在一起的东西崩溃，美国在这方面的风险比欧洲更大”，她说。 

en-us	“I would wish there would be more constructive coordination instead of shouting matches and rhetoric like Trump’s, denying the problems, while a country like Germany says that if their vaccine succeeds it will be for everyone.’
zh-cn	“我希望能有更多建设性的协调工作，而不是像特朗普那样打口水仗，拒绝承认问题。同时，像德国这样的国家则表示，如果他们的疫苗成功，将让所有人受益。” 

en-us	As for the European Union, it is struggling to keep its own internal borders open to free trade, let alone travel, and preserve the principles of the single market that are the heart of the bloc. 
zh-cn	至于欧盟，它已经在保持内部边境对自由贸易开放、维护作为欧盟核心的单一市场原则上困难重重，更不用说人员的自由往来了。 

en-us	Some wonder if passport-free travel will ever again be the same. 
zh-cn	有些人想知道欧盟国家间的免护照旅行是否能再像以前那样。 

en-us	Tim King, the former editor of “European Voice,” writing in Politico, suggested that the crisis marked a “hasty dismantling of what took decades of painstaking negotiation to construct.” 
zh-cn	《欧洲之声》(European Voice)的前编辑蒂姆·金(Tim King)在Politico网站上撰文写道，这场危机标志着“几十年来苦心经营的东西被仓促拆除”。 

en-us	But it may also be the moment, he wrote, when the European Union begins to become “a more sophisticated and mature political authority,’’ as it moves to relax its rules to deal more effectively with the crisis. 
zh-cn	他写道，但在欧盟放松规则，以便更有效地应对危机的时候，这也可能是欧盟开始成为“一个更老练、更成熟的政治权力体”的时刻。 

en-us	In retrospect, the crisis may also mark a moment of fundamental global shift. 
zh-cn	从未来的角度来看，这场危机也可能标志着一个全球发生根本性转变的时刻。 

en-us	“What will this mean in five years for great-power competition?” asked Ms. Major. 
zh-cn	“这对未来五年的大国竞争意味着什么？ ”梅杰问道。

en-us	“In 10 years will we say, ‘This is the moment that China rose and the U.S. declined,’ or will the U.S. rebound?” 
zh-cn	“我们会在10年后说，‘这是中国崛起、美国衰落的时刻’吗？还是美国的地位会重新回升？” 

en-us	In the past, the United States has rebounded, even if slow out of the starting gate. 
zh-cn	过去，尽管美国有时从起跑门中出来时动作较慢，但每次都状态都会回升。 

en-us	That was true in both World Wars, when the country’s efforts to remain separated from the rest of the world by an ocean were replaced by strong commitments from the government and the society to win wars and become, as President Franklin Delano Roosevelt put it, “the arsenal of democracy.’’
zh-cn	美国在两次世界大战中都是这样。开始的时候，与世界其他地方隔着大洋的美国努力与战争保持距离，但这种做法后来被政府和社会要赢得战争的承诺所取代，让美国成为富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福总统所说的“民主制度的兵工厂”。 

en-us	Mr. Westmacott, the former British ambassador, sees a new seriousness in Mr. Trump over the last few days. 
zh-cn	英国前驻美大使韦斯特马科特在过去几天里看到了特朗普身上新的严肃态度。 

en-us	“The tone seems to have changed, despite some unrealistic claims about the availability of new tests, with less bluster and a bit more leadership,’’ he said. 
zh-cn	“语调似乎已经有所改变，尽管在可获得新的检测上有一些不切实际的说法，但说话的气势少了点咄咄逼人，多了点领导风度。” 

en-us	And the capacity of the United States for medical research is unparalleled in the world. 
zh-cn	而且，美国的医学研究能力在世界上无与伦比。 

en-us	Stefano Stefanini, a former Italian diplomat, was struck by the size of the emergency funding that Congress was so quickly preparing. 
zh-cn	意大利前外交官斯特凡诺·斯特凡尼尼(Stefano Stefanini)被美国国会正在迅速准备的紧急资金的规模所震撼。 

en-us	“For a country that struggled with Obamacare, it’s huge,’’ he said. 
zh-cn	“对这个在奥巴马医改上困难重重的国家来说，紧急资金的数额巨大，”他说。 

en-us	“This is also part of the real American greatness, the capacity to act boldly when something happens.”
zh-cn	“这也是美国真正伟大的地方之一，美国有在事情发生时采取大胆行动的能力。” 