en-us	U.S. makes advances on COVID-19 vaccines
zh-cn	美国推进冠状病毒病疫苗研发

en-us	U.S. scientists are getting closer to a vaccine to keep the world safe from COVID-19.
zh-cn	美国科学家正在步步接近研发疫苗帮助世界预防冠状病毒病的目标。

en-us	Several U.S. partnerships are already testing vaccines on humans — a major step toward showing the drug is safe and effective.
zh-cn	美国的数个合作项目已经在进行疫苗的人体试验——这是判断疫苗安全有效性的重要步骤。

en-us	Others are figuring out new ways to administer and deliver a vaccine when it’s ready.
zh-cn	还有一些项目正在探索，一旦疫苗问世可以采用的新型施用方式。

en-us	The scientists at U.S. companies and universities have been able to compress their research, which usually takes months or years, into weeks.
zh-cn	美国公司和高校的科研人员已能够将通常需要数个月或数年的研究过程压缩到数周。

en-us	The effort received a boost when President Trump signed into law $8.3 billion in federal funds to fight COVID-19.
zh-cn	特朗普（Trump）总统签署的83亿美元抗冠状病毒病联邦资金发挥了助推作用。

en-us	The money is helping federal agencies such as the National Institutes of Health and the Food and Drug Administration and their private-sector partners to quickly produce vaccines and new therapies.
zh-cn	这笔资金正在帮助联邦机构，如国家卫生研究院（National Institutes of Health）和食品药品管理局（Food and Drug Administration），以及这些机构的私人行业伙伴迅速开发生产疫苗和新的治疗方法。

en-us	Here are a few of the U.S. efforts to get a COVID-19 vaccine to the public within a year to 18 months.
zh-cn	以下是美国为在一年到一年半内研制出冠状病毒病疫苗所进行的部分努力。

en-us	Starting human trials
zh-cn	开始人体试验

en-us	Since March, researchers at two U.S. companies have started the human-testing phase of potential vaccines for COVID-19:
zh-cn	三月份以来，美国两家公司的研究人员开始了对有潜力的冠状病毒病疫苗的人体试验阶段研究：

en-us	Moderna Therapeutics, of Cambridge, Massachusetts, in collaboration with the U.S. National Institutes of Health.
zh-cn	与美国国家卫生研究所合作的位于马萨诸萨州剑桥（Cambridge, Massachusetts）的生物技术公司Moderna Therapeutics。

en-us	Inovio Pharmaceuticals, of Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania, working alongside the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
zh-cn	与比尔·和梅琳达·盖茨基金会（Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation）合作的位于宾夕法尼亚州普利茅茨米廷（Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania）的英诺威制药公司（Inovio Pharmaceuticals）。

en-us	Both companies started working on vaccines as soon as the virus’s genetic sequence was published online in January.
zh-cn	一月份，病毒基因序列一经在网上发布，这两家公司便开始了疫苗研发工作。

en-us	This phase of testing involves giving up to 100 healthy adults the vaccine and closely monitoring them for side effects.
zh-cn	这一阶段的试验包括对多达100名健康成人使用疫苗，并密切观察副作用。

en-us	Developing this vaccine so quickly is a “major milestone,” Ami Shah Brown, Inovio’s senior vice president of regulatory affairs, said in a statement.
zh-cn	英诺威公司负责法规事务的高级副总裁阿米·沙·布朗（Ami Shah Brown）在一项声明中说，以如此之快的速度开发疫苗是一个“重大里程碑”。

en-us	Inventing new vaccination methods
zh-cn	发明新的疫苗施用

en-us	Scientists at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have developed a potential vaccine for COVID-19 and a new method of delivering the vaccine.
zh-cn	冠状病毒病疫苗（英文）和使用这种疫苗的新方法。

en-us	Instead of getting an injection, patients would press a patch the size of a person’s fingertip against their skin. The patch has 400 tiny needles that deliver the vaccine into the body.
zh-cn	疫苗不是通过注射，而是通过拇指大小的皮肤贴片——贴片上有400个微型针头——输入人体。

en-us	“It feels kind of like Velcro,” Louis Falo, the chair of dermatology at the school who worked on the project, said in a statement.
zh-cn	医学院皮肤科主任路易斯·法罗（Louis Falo）说，“它的感觉就像维可牢（Velcro）尼龙搭扣”。

en-us	The research team said on April 2 that it hopes to get FDA approval to start testing the patch and vaccine on humans in the next few months.
zh-cn	这个研究团队4月2日表示，希望在几个月内获得食品药品管理局的批准，开始对贴片和疫苗进行人体试验。

en-us	Investing in access
zh-cn	为让疫苗经济可得而投资

en-us	Johnson & Johnson, headquartered in New Brunswick, New Jersey, also is researching a vaccine and said it hopes to start testing it on humans no later than this fall.
zh-cn	总部位于新泽西州纽不伦瑞克（New Brunswick, New Jersey）的强生公司（Johnson & Johnson）也正在研发疫苗，并表示希望不迟于今年秋季开始人体试验。

en-us	But the company also has announced that it is increasing its manufacturing capacity with a goal of being able to produce more than 1 billion doses of a COVID-19 vaccine.
zh-cn	强生公司还宣布，它在扩大公司的生产能力，旨在使冠状病毒病疫苗生产量达到10亿支以上。

en-us	“The world is facing an urgent public health crisis,” said Alex Gorsky, chairman and chief executive officer of Johnson & Johnson. “We are committed to doing our part to make a COVID-19 vaccine available and affordable globally as quickly as possible.”
zh-cn	强生公司总裁兼执行长亚历克斯·戈尔斯基（Alex Gorsky）说，“世界正在面临公共健康紧急危机。 我们致力于通过我们的努力尽快研制出冠状病毒病疫苗并且让全球人支付得起”。