en-us	Did you know that around 60 per cent of all infectious diseases in humans are zoonotic, as are 75 per cent of all emerging infectious diseases, in other words they come to us via animals? 
zh-cn	你知道吗？人类60％的传染病是人畜共患疾病，所有新出现的传染病中有75％是人畜共患疾病，换句话说，这些疾病都是通过动物传染给人类的。 

en-us	Zoonoses that emerged or re-emerged recently are Ebola, bird flu, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), the Nipah virus, Rift Valley fever, sudden acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), West Nile virus, Zika virus disease, and, now, the coronavirus.  
zh-cn	最近几年来，新兴的或重现的人畜共患疾病包括埃博拉病毒、禽流感、中东呼吸综合征（MERS）、尼帕病毒、裂谷热、严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）、西尼罗河病毒、寨卡病毒、以及当前正在肆虐的冠状病毒。 

en-us	They are all linked to human activity. 
zh-cn	它们都与人类活动有关。 

en-us	The Ebola outbreak in West Africa was the result of forest losses leading to closer contacts between wildlife and human settlements; 
zh-cn	埃博拉疫情在西非暴发的根源，在于森林砍伐导致野生动植物与人类住区联系更加紧密； 

en-us	the emergence of avian influenza was linked to intensive poultry farming;  
zh-cn	禽流感的出现与密集的家禽养殖有关； 

en-us	and the Nipah virus was linked to the intensification of pig farming and fruit production in Malaysia. 
zh-cn	尼帕病毒的产生与马来西亚养猪业和水果生产的集约化有关。 

en-us	Scientists and specialists working at the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) have been pulling together the latest scientific facts about the coronavirus—what we know about the virus and what we don’t know. 
zh-cn	联合国环境规划署（UNEP）的科学家和专家一直在收集有关冠状病毒的最新科学事实——针对这一病毒，我们已掌握的和尚未掌握的信息。 

en-us	While the origin of the outbreak and its transmission pathway are yet to be discovered, here are six important points worth knowing: 
zh-cn	尽管尚未发现病毒暴发的根源及其传播途径，但以下六点亟需得到大家的关注和重视： 

en-us	The interaction of humans or livestock with wildlife exposes them to the risk of spillover of potential pathogens.  
zh-cn	人或牲畜与野生动物的密切接触和相互作用使他们暴露在病原体“溢出”的风险 之中。 

en-us	For many zoonoses, livestock serve as an epidemiological bridge between wildlife and human infections. 
zh-cn	对于许多人畜共患疾病来说，牲畜充当了野生动物携带病毒与人类感染病毒之间的传播桥梁。 

en-us	The drivers of zoonotic disease emergence are changes in the environment—usually the result of human activities, 
zh-cn	人畜共患疾病发生的驱动力是环境的改变，通常是人类活动的结果， 

en-us	ranging from land use change to changing climate;  
zh-cn	从土地用途的变化到气候的变化； 

en-us	changes in animals or human hosts;  
zh-cn	动物或人类宿主的变化； 

en-us	and changes in pathogens, which always evolve to exploit new hosts.  
zh-cn	病原体的变异，病原体不断进化，从而入侵新的宿主，在新的环境中繁殖。 

en-us	For example, bat-associated viruses emerged due to the loss of bat habitat from deforestation and agricultural expansion. 
zh-cn	例如，由于森林砍伐和农业扩张导致蝙蝠栖息地的丧失，出现了与蝙蝠相关的病毒。 

en-us	Bats play important roles in ecosystems by being night pollinators and eating insects. 
zh-cn	蝙蝠是夜行性的授粉者夜行性的授粉者，它们在生态系统中发挥重要作用。 

en-us	Ecosystem integrity underlines human health and development.  
zh-cn	生态系统完整性与人类健康和发展紧密相连。 

en-us	Human-induced environmental changes modify wildlife population structure and reduce biodiversity, resulting in new environmental conditions that favour particular hosts, vectors, and/or pathogens. 
zh-cn	人为引起的环境变化改变了野生动植物种群结构并减少了生物多样性，导致了有利于特定宿主、媒介和/或病原体的生存条件。 

en-us	Ecosystem integrity can help regulate diseases by supporting a diversity of species so that it is more difficult for one pathogen to spill over, amplify or dominate. 
zh-cn	生态系统完整性通过支持多种物种的生存和发展来帮助调节疾病，从而使一种病原体难以溢出（spill over）、跨越种群传播或占主导地位。 

en-us	It is impossible to predict where the next outbreak will come from or when it will be.  
zh-cn	无法预测下一次疫情的发源地或时间。 

en-us	Growing evidence suggests that outbreaks or epidemic diseases may become more frequent as climate continues to change. 
zh-cn	越来越多的证据表明，随着气候危机的加剧，流行病的暴发和传染可能会更加频繁。 

en-us	“Never before have so many opportunities existed for pathogens to pass from wild and domestic animals to people, says UNEP Executive Director Inger Andersen. 
zh-cn	联合国环境署执行主任英格·安德森(Inger Andersen)说：如今病原体从野生动物 动物和家畜传播到人类的机会比以往任何时候都多。 

en-us	“Our continued erosion of wild spaces has brought us uncomfortably close to animals and plants that harbour diseases that can jump to humans.” 
zh-cn	我们对自然栖息地的持续侵蚀，使我们与动物和植物之间的距离不断缩短，而它们可能藏有或携带有使人类致病的病毒。 

en-us	UNEP staff are continuing work in these important areas.  
zh-cn	联合国环境署工作人员正在这些重要领域继续探索。 

en-us	Notes shared by its Science Division are available online with additional information, including a list of questions yet to be answered.
zh-cn	环境署科学司的相关笔记在线分享，附有其他信息，包括尚未回答的问题列表。