en-us	研究表明：降压药不会增加冠状病毒风险
zh-cn	Research: Blood pressure medicines don't raise COVID-19 risk

en-us	三项主要研究周五表示，常用的降压药不会增加对冠状病毒感染的易感性，也不会增加患上这种疾病的风险，这对数百万服用这些药物的人来说是个积极的消息。
zh-cn	Commonly used blood pressure medicines do not heighten susceptibility to COVID-19 infection, or increase the risk of becoming seriously ill with the disease, three major studies said Friday, positive news for the millions of people who take them.

en-us	这项研究主要涉及血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制剂和血管紧张素受体阻滞剂(ARB)，
zh-cn	The research primarily concerned angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs),

en-us	这两种药物也用于糖尿病患者，以帮助保护他们的肾脏。
zh-cn	which are also given to diabetes patients to help protect their kidneys.

en-us	ACE抑制剂包括雷米普利、赖诺普利和其他在4月结束的药物；而ARB包括缬沙坦和氯沙坦，通常在-Sartan结束。
zh-cn	ACE inhibitors include the likes of ramipril, lisinopril and other drugs ending in April; while ARBs include valsartan and losartan, and generally end in -sartan.

en-us	动物研究曾担心，这些药物可能会增加人体中一种名为ACE2的蛋白质的水平，
zh-cn	There had been concern arising from animal studies that these medicines might increase the body's levels of a protein called ACE2,

en-us	当冠状病毒入侵人类细胞时，这种蛋白质会附着在上面，从而增加人们对这种疾病的易感性。
zh-cn	which the coronavirus latches on to when it invades human cells, thus increasing people's vulnerability to the disease.

en-us	更令人困惑的是，也有相互矛盾的动物研究表明，拥有更多的ACE2蛋白可能会减轻肺部对冠状病毒的炎症反应，这是一个有益的效果。
zh-cn	Confusing matters further, there were also contradictory animal studies that showed having more ACE2 proteins might lessen an inflammatory reaction in lungs to COVID-19, a beneficial effect.

en-us	这三项新研究发表在“新英格兰医学杂志”(NEJM)上。
zh-cn	The three new studies were published in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM).

en-us	每一次都涉及审查数千人的记录，无论他们是否服用药物，看看他们是否受到感染，以及疾病是如何发展的。
zh-cn	Each involved reviewing the records of thousands of people either on or not on the medicines and seeing if they got infected and how the disease progressed.

en-us	然后，他们使用统计方法来控制其他因素，如潜在的健康状况，这些因素可能会使人们更容易受到感染和严重的冠状病毒的影响。
zh-cn	They then used statistical methods to control for other factors like underlying health conditions that might make people more susceptible to infection and to serious COVID-19.

en-us	纽约大学格罗斯曼医学院的Harmony Reynolds告诉法新社：“我们发现ACE抑制剂和血管紧张素受体阻滞剂检测呈阳性的可能性没有区别。”Harmony Reynolds领导了一项涉及大约12，600人的研究。
zh-cn	"We saw no difference in the likelihood of a positive test with ACE inhibitors and with angiotensin receptor blockers," Harmony Reynolds of the NYU Grossman School of Medicine, who led one of the studies that involved about 12,600 people, told AFP.

en-us	这些研究是“观察性的”，意思是研究人员观察了风险因素的影响。
zh-cn	The studies were "observational," meaning the researchers observed the effect of a risk factor.

en-us	这种类型的调查总是被认为弱于“试验性”，即在引入干预措施的同时引入对照，这样就不会留下太多的机会。
zh-cn	This type of investigation is always considered weaker than "experimental" where an intervention is introduced along with a control, which leaves less to chance.

en-us	“新英格兰医学杂志”随附的一篇社论的作者承认了这一固有的局限性，但补充说：
zh-cn	The authors of an accompanying editorial in the NEJM acknowledged this inherent limitation, but added:

en-us	“我们发现，三项针对不同人群、不同设计的研究得出了一致的信息，这让我们感到放心。”
zh-cn	"We find it reassuring that three studies in different populations and with different designs arrive at the consistent message."

en-us	雷诺兹说，这些发现让她松了一口气，因为她一直在收到忧心忡忡的患者的问题，这些患者读了新闻报道，问他们是否应该停止药物治疗。
zh-cn	Reynolds said the findings were relieving, because she had been getting questions from worried patients who had read press reports and were asking if they should stop their medicines.

en-us	她说：“我非常高兴能够告诉患者，他们应该继续服用降压药。”
zh-cn	"I'm very happy to be able to tell patients that they should continue their blood pressure medications," she said.

en-us	考虑到禁闭生活本身似乎会导致高血压，这一点尤其重要，“可能是因为压力或较少的锻炼，或者是饮食不同，”她补充道。
zh-cn	This is especially important given that lockdown life itself appears to be causing high blood pressure, "maybe from stress or less exercise or eating differently," she added.

en-us	领导另一项研究的布里格姆妇女医院(BWH)心脏和血管中心的医学主任曼迪普•梅拉(ManDeep Mehra)说，另一个基本问题已经得到了回答。
zh-cn	Mandeep Mehra, the medical director at Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) Heart and Vascular Center who led another of the studies, said another fundamental question had been answered.

en-us	在大流行的早期，当有心血管疾病的人更有可能感染严重冠状病毒的情况变得明显时，科学家们想知道：
zh-cn	Early on in the pandemic, when it became clear that people with cardiovascular conditions were more likely to get severe COVID-19, scientists wondered:

en-us	是心脏病是风险因素，还是用来控制它的药物？
zh-cn	Was it heart disease that was the risk factor, or the medicine used to control it?

en-us	他说，这项新的研究坚定地解决了这场辩论，支持前者。
zh-cn	The new research settles the debate firmly in favor of the former, he said.

en-us	“它毫无疑问地告诉你，冠状病毒以某种方式与心血管系统以一种相当负面的方式相互作用，”梅赫拉说。
zh-cn	"It tells you beyond a shadow of a doubt that COVID-19 somehow interacts with the cardiovascular system in a pretty negative way," said Mehra.

en-us	潜在的好处？
zh-cn	Potential benefit?

en-us	Mehra的研究调查了11个国家的近9000名患者，还将使用降压药与较低的冠状病毒死亡风险联系在一起-这一发现并不被其他两项研究所认同。
zh-cn	Mehra's study, which looked at almost 9,000 patients across 11 countries, also tied the use of blood pressure medicines to a lower risk of death from COVID-19--a finding not shared by the other two studies.

en-us	他说：“那些对心血管疾病患者似乎有挽救生命益处的药物，似乎也向我们显示了对正处于冠状病毒阵痛中的患者有益的信号。”
zh-cn	"The same drugs that appear to have life saving benefits in patients with cardiovascular illness also appear to show us a signal of benefit in patients who are in the throes of COVID-19," he said.

en-us	他补充说，目前还不清楚为什么会出现这种情况-是因为药物有助于心脏，
zh-cn	He added it was unclear why this was the case -- whether it was because the medicines were helping the heart

en-us	从而使心脏对病毒的影响更具弹性，还是因为它们在做其他事情。
zh-cn	which in turn made it more resilient to the effects of the virus, or whether they were doing something else.

en-us	“我们能告诉你的是，如果你在服用他汀类药物或ACE抑制剂，天哪，请继续服用，”Mehra补充道。
zh-cn	"What we can tell you is that, if you're on a statin or an ACE inhibitor, by golly, please continue it," added Mehra.

en-us	根据官方数据，美国近一半的成年人，即1.08亿人患有高血压。
zh-cn	Nearly half of adults in the United States, or 108 million people, have hypertension, according to official figures.