zh-cn	在农贸市场怎样预防新型冠状病毒感染？ 
en-us	How to prevent infection by COVID-   2019 at farmer’s markets?

zh-cn	避免在未加防护的情况下与农场牲畜或野生动物接触。 
en-us	Avoid contact with livestock or wild animals without protective measures. 

zh-cn	咳嗽打喷嚏时，用纸巾或袖或屈肘将鼻完全遮住。
en-us	Cough or sneeze into paper tissues, your sleeves or elbows while completely covering the nose and mouth. 

zh-cn	咳嗽打喷嚏后，用肥皂和清水或含酒精洗手液清洗双手。 
en-us	After coughing or sneezing, wash hands with soap and water or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. 

zh-cn	外出回家后及时洗手。
en-us	Wash hands immediately after returning home.

zh-cn	如有发热和其他呼吸道感染症状，特别是持续发热不退，及时到医院就诊。 
en-us	Fever and other symptoms of respiratory infections, especially persistent fever, indicate the need for an immediate hospital visit. 

zh-cn	在家中怎样预防新型冠状病毒传染？ 
en-us	How to prevent the infection by the novel coronavirus at home? 

zh-cn	增强卫生健康意识.
en-us	Raise health and hygiene awareness.

zh-cn	适量运动、早睡早起、不熬夜可提高自身免疫力。
en-us	Moderate exercises as well as enough and regular rest can boost immunity. 

zh-cn	保持良好的个人卫生习惯。
en-us	Maintain good personal hygiene. 

zh-cn	咳嗽或打喷嚏时用纸巾掩住口鼻。
en-us	Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when coughing or sneezing.

zh-cn	经常彻底洗手，不用脏手触摸眼睛、鼻或口； 
en-us	Wash hands frequently and avoid touching your eyes, nose, or mouth with unwashed hands. 

zh-cn	居室多通风换气并保持整洁卫生； 
en-us	Maintain good hygiene in rooms, clean floor and furniture, separate household wastes and take out the rubbish timely. 

zh-cn	尽可能避免与有呼吸道疾病症状（如发热、咳嗽或打喷嚏等）的人密切接触。 
en-us	Avoid close contact with people who have symptoms of respiratory diseases (such as fever, cough, sneezing, etc.). 

zh-cn	尽量避免到人多拥挤和空间密闭的场所，如必须去佩戴罩。 
en-us	Avoid going to crowded and confined spaces. Wear a mask if you must go. 

zh-cn	避免接触野生动物和家禽家畜。 
en-us	Avoid contact with poultry and wild animals. 

zh-cn	坚持安全的饮食习惯。
en-us	Follow the food safety precautions and habits. 

zh-cn	食用肉类和蛋类要煮熟、煮透。 
en-us	Eat thoroughly-cooked meat and hard-boiled eggs. 

zh-cn	密切关注发热、咳嗽等症状，出现此类症状一定要及时近就医。 
en-us	Seek medical help immediately in cases of symptoms such as fever, cough, etc. 

zh-cn	在影剧院怎样预防新型冠状病毒传染？ 
en-us	How to prevent infection by 2019-nCoV in cinemas and theaters? 

zh-cn	传染病流行期间，尽量不到人流密集和空气流通不畅的公共场所。
en-us	During an epidemic outbreak, try to avoid visits to public spaces, especially places with large crowds and poor ventilation like cinemas. 

zh-cn	如必须去应戴口罩。
en-us	Wear a face mask if visits to public spaces are required. 

zh-cn	在自己咳嗽或打喷嚏时，用纸巾将口鼻完全遮住
en-us	Cough or sneeze into tissues completely covering the nose and mouth. 

zh-cn	并将用过的纸巾立刻扔进封闭式垃圾箱内，防止病菌传播。 
en-us	Seal used tissues in a plastic bag before discarding immediately in a closed bin labeled “residual waste” or “medical waste” to prevent the virus from spreading. 

zh-cn	在公共交通设施怎样预防新型冠状病毒传染？ 
en-us	How to prevent infection by 2019-nCoV when traveling by public transportation? 

zh-cn	公交车、地铁、轮船和飞机等地方都是人流密集，可佩戴口罩减少接触病原风险。
en-us	Passengers on public transport such as bus, metro, ferry or airliners must wear face masks to reduce the risk of getting infected in crowded spaces. 

zh-cn	在自己咳嗽或打喷嚏时，用纸巾将口鼻完全遮住，并将用过的纸巾立刻扔进封闭式垃圾箱内，防止病菌传播。 
en-us	Seal used tissues in a plastic bag before discarding immediately in a closed bin labeled “residual waste” or “medical waste” to prevent the virus from spreading. 

zh-cn	在办公场所怎样预防新型冠状病毒传染？ 
en-us	How to prevent infection by 2019-nCoV in the workplace? 

zh-cn	保持工作场所室内不断的通风换气。
en-us	Keep the workplace well-ventilated.

zh-cn	不要随地吐痰，可以先吐在纸张上，在方便时再把它扔进封闭式垃圾箱内。
en-us	Do not spit in public; you can spit into a tissue paper and then dispose of it in a closeable bin when convenient. 

zh-cn	在自己咳嗽或打喷嚏时，用纸巾将口鼻完全遮住。
en-us	Cough or sneeze into tissues while completely covering the nose and mouth. 

zh-cn	保持个人卫生，要勤洗手；传染病流行季节应尽量避免各类聚会。 
en-us	Wash hands frequently to maintain personal hygiene; avoid all kinds of social gatherings during the epidemic. 

zh-cn	在医院怎样预防新型冠状病毒传染？ 
en-us	How to prevent infection by 2019-nCoV in hospitals? 

zh-cn	去医院看病、探望病人时，尤其是去医院的发热门诊或呼吸科就诊时应该戴上口罩。 
en-us	Wear a mask during hospital visits, especially visits to fever clinics or respiratory departments. 

zh-cn	尽可能避免与有呼吸道疾病症状（如发热、咳嗽或打喷嚏等）的人密切接触。 
en-us	Avoid close contact with people presenting symptoms of respiratory diseases (such as fever, cough and sneezing). 

zh-cn	保持良好的个人卫生习惯，咳嗽或打喷嚏时用纸巾掩住口鼻。 
en-us	Maintain good personal hygiene; cover nose and mouth with tissues when coughing or sneezing. 

zh-cn	用肥皂和清水或含酒精洗手液清洗双手。
en-us	Wash hands with soap or alcohol-based hand sanitizer.

zh-cn	不用脏手触摸眼睛、鼻或口。 
en-us	Avoid touching eyes, nose, or mouth without washing hands. 

zh-cn	什么是隔离医学观察？ 
en-us	What is quarantine for medical observation? 

zh-cn	《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》对“传染病病人”和“疑似传染病病人”的密切接触者，要在指定场所进行医学观察或采取其他预防措施。 
en-us	According to the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Contagious Diseases, close contacts with individuals known or suspected to be infected with the virus should undergo a medical observation or other preventive measures at the designated places. 

zh-cn	密切接触者的主要管理措施包括: 登记并进行7天医学观察。 
en-us	The key management measures for close contacts include: Register them for medical observation for seven days. 

zh-cn	尽量减少外出活动。
en-us	They should avoid unnecessary outdoor activities.

zh-cn	如何保护自己远离新型冠状病毒传染？ 
en-us	How to keep yourself away from the novel coronavirus? 

zh-cn	冠状病毒以飞沫传播为主，正确佩戴医用外科口罩。 
en-us	COVID-19 is mainly transmitted by droplets and contacts, therefore medical surgical masks must be worn properly. 

zh-cn	打喷嚏或者咳嗽时不要用手直接遮挡。 
en-us	When sneezing or coughing, do not cover nose and mouth with bare hands. 

zh-cn	正确、及时洗手。
en-us	Wash hands properly and frequently. 

zh-cn	提高免疫力，尽量少去人多且封闭的场所。
en-us	Boost your immunity, and avoid going to crowded and enclosed places. 

zh-cn	加强锻炼、规律作息。
en-us	Exercise more and have a regular sleep schedule. 

zh-cn	提高自身免疫力是避免被感染的最重要手段。 
en-us	Boosting your immunity is the most important way to avoid being infected. 

zh-cn	洗手在预防呼吸道传播疾病中的作用？ 
en-us	Why is handwashing important in preventing respiratory diseases? 

zh-cn	手部接触所涉及的传播途径包括经水/食物传播、血液/血制品传播、空气飞沫传播、消化道传播、直接或间接接触传播等等。
en-us	The hands are the key medium in transmission of viruses that are transmitted through water, food, blood or blood products, respiratory droplets, digestive tract, in addition to direct or indirect touching. 

zh-cn	研究表明，正确洗手是预防腹泻和呼吸道感染的最有效措施之一。 
en-us	Studies show that proper handwashing is one of the most effective measures to prevent diarrhea and respiratory infections. 

zh-cn	你掌握了正确洗手的方法吗？ 
en-us	How to wash hands correctly? 

zh-cn	第一步，双手手心相互搓洗。 
en-us	Step 1: Scrub palm to palm with fingers interlaced. 

zh-cn	第二步，双手交叉搓洗手指缝（手心对手背）。 
en-us	Step 2: Put one palm on the back of another hand and scrub your fingers. 

zh-cn	第三步，手心对手心搓洗手指缝。 
en-us	Step 3: Scrub between your fingers. 

zh-cn	第四步，指尖搓洗手心，左右手相同。
en-us	Step 4: Rub the back of your fingers against your palms. Do the same with the other hand.

zh-cn	第五步：一只手握住另一只手的拇指搓洗，左右手相同。
en-us	Step 5: Scrub your thumb using the other hand. Do the same with the other thumb.

zh-cn	第六步：指尖摩擦掌心。
en-us	Step 6: Rub the tips of your fingers on the palm of the other hand

zh-cn	一只手握住另一只手的手腕转动搓洗，左右手相同。 
en-us	Rub the wrist of one hand with the other hand while rotating it. Do the same with the other hand. 

zh-cn	家中有人出现肺炎症状，应如何照料？ 
en-us	How to take care of the COVID-19 patient at home? 

zh-cn	将病人与家中其他人隔离开来，至少保持1m距离。
en-us	Quarantine the patient from the rest of the family members and maintain a distance of at least one meter. 

zh-cn	照料病人时应用口罩遮掩住嘴和鼻子，口罩使用后应丢弃。 
en-us	Wear a mask when looking after the patient. Discard the mask after each use. 

zh-cn	与病人接触后应用肥皂等彻底洗净双手。
en-us	Wash hands thoroughly with soap after having contact with the patient. 

zh-cn	病人居住空间应保持空气流通。 
en-us	The patient’s living space should be well ventilated. 

zh-cn	面对新型冠状病毒，体育锻炼要遵循哪些原则？ 
en-us	How to exercise amid outbreak of COVID-19? 

zh-cn	遵循三条原则 :全面锻炼、循序渐进、持之以恒。 
en-us	Follow a comprehensive exercise program, increase the intensity progressively, and exercise consistently. 

zh-cn	全面锻炼，一是指尽可能使身体各部位、各系统都得到锻炼；二是指尽可能拓宽练习项目和形式，以求发展各类身体素质。 
en-us	Follow comprehensive exercise programs, exercising every part and system of the body, and expanding the scope and types of your exercise to ensure different attributes of your physical fitness are enhanced. 

zh-cn	循序渐进。
en-us	Increase the intensity progressively. 

zh-cn	既指运动强度应由小到大，在身体逐步适应的基础上不断提高要求。
en-us	Start exercises from low intensity and gradually scale it up after your body has adapted to the initial intensity.

zh-cn	又指学习动作、掌握技术要从易到难。 
en-us	It is suggested to do basic movements and learn easy techniques before moving onto higher level. 

zh-cn	持之以恒
en-us	Exercise consistently

zh-cn	形成习惯。 
en-us	Keep exercising until it becomes a habit. 

zh-cn	你知道抽烟、喝酒是怎么降低人体免疫力的吗？ 
en-us	How do smoking and drinking affect your immune system? 

zh-cn	吸烟的时候，会导致人体血液中尼古丁含量增高，容易引起血管痉挛，导致局部器官短暂性的缺氧。
en-us	Smoking causes an increase in nicotine concentration in blood, which could result in vasospasm and transient hypoxia in organs.

zh-cn	尤其是呼吸道和内脏器官的氧气含量减少，容易导致人体抗病能力的减弱。
en-us	Particularly, the decrease of oxygen in respiratory tract and viscera could damage immunity. 

zh-cn	提倡戒烟限酒。
en-us	It is recommended to quit smoking and limit alcohol intake.

zh-cn	新型冠状病毒肺炎患者有什么临床表现？ 
en-us	What are the clinical manifestations of COVID-19? 

zh-cn	新型冠状病毒肺炎起病以发热为主要表现，可合并轻度干咳、乏力、呼吸不畅、腹泻等症状，流涕、咳痰等症状少见。 
en-us	The onset of COVID-19 is mainly manifested as fever, which can occur together with mild dry cough, fatigue, poor breathing, diarrhea etc. However, runny nose, sputum and other symptoms are rare. 

zh-cn	严重者病情进展迅速，数日内即可出现急性呼吸窘迫综合征、脓毒症休克、难以纠正的代谢性酸中毒和出凝血功能障碍。
en-us	In severe cases, the disease can progress rapidly, causing acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, irreversible metabolic acidosis, and coagulation disorders in just a matter of days. 

zh-cn	部分患者起病症状轻微，可无发热。
en-us	Some patients start out with mild symptoms without fever. 

zh-cn	多数患者预后良好，少数患者病情危重，甚至死亡。 
en-us	The majority of patients have a good prognosis, while a few become critically and sometimes fatally ill. 

zh-cn	 你了解新型冠状病毒肺炎的实验室检查吗？ 
en-us	Do you know something on laboratory testing for COVID- 19? 

zh-cn	新型冠状病毒可通过实时荧光 RT-PCR鉴定。
en-us	2019-nCoV can be identified by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). 

zh-cn	每个病例采集上、下呼吸道标本，如支气管或肺泡灌洗液、深咳痰液，
en-us	For each case, specimens to be tested should be from lower respiratory tracts, such as bronchial/alveolar lavage fluid and deep sputum. 

zh-cn	同时采集发病初期和发病14日后的血清。 
en-us	Also, serum samples should be collected both at the onset of symptoms and after 14 days. 

zh-cn	发病早期白细胞总数正常或降低，淋巴细胞计数减少。
en-us	In the early stages of the disease, the white blood cell count stays normal or lower, but the lymphocyte count is decreased. 

zh-cn	部分患者出现肝酶、肌酶和肌红蛋白增高，多数患者C反应蛋白和血沉升高。
en-us	While some patients have elevated liver enzymes, muscle enzymes, and myoglobin, most patients have elevated C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. 

zh-cn	降钙素原正常，严重者D-二聚体升高。 
en-us	The procalcitonin levels stay normal and D-dimer is elevated in severe cases. 

zh-cn	你知道新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的胸部影像学特征吗？ 
en-us	What are the characteristics of COVID-19 chest films? 

zh-cn	早期呈现多发的小斑片影及间质改变，以肺外带明显，进而发展为双肺多发磨玻璃影、浸润影。
en-us	In the early stages, chest films feature multiple small patchy shadows and interstitial changes, especially in the peripheral third of the chest, which then progress to bilateral ground glass opacities and pulmonary infiltrates. 

zh-cn	严重者可出现肺实变，甚至“白肺”。
en-us	In severe cases, pulmonary consolidations and even “white-out” of the lungs are seen. 

zh-cn	胸腔积液少见。 
en-us	Pleural effusions are rare. 

zh-cn	你知道在临床上怎样识别观察新型冠状病毒肺炎病例吗？ 
en-us	How to identify COVID-19 cases clinically? 

zh-cn	同时符合以下2条 
en-us	Persons who meet both the following conditions are considered suspected cases. 

zh-cn	流行病学史
en-us	Epidemiological history. 

zh-cn	临床表现
en-us	Clinical features.

zh-cn	具有病毒性肺炎影像学特征。
en-us	Chest films show characteristics of viral pneumonia.

zh-cn	发病早期白细胞总数正常或降低，或淋巴细胞计数减少。 
en-us	During the early stage of the disease, white blood cell count is normal or below normal, while lymphocyte count may decrease. 

zh-cn	临床上如何诊断危重病例？ 
en-us	How to diagnose severe COVID-19 cases? 

zh-cn	危重病例是指患者生命体征不稳定，病情变化迅速，两个以上的器官系统功能不稳定，减退或衰竭病情发展可能会危及到病人的生命。 
en-us	Severe cases refer to patients with unstable vital signs and rapid disease progression, with dysfunction or even failures of more than two organ systems. The progression of the disease may endanger the lives of patients. 

zh-cn	新型冠状病毒肺炎需要与哪些疾病相鉴别？ 
en-us	What is the difference between COVID-19 and other pneumonia? 

zh-cn	细菌性肺炎 
en-us	Bacterial pneumonia. 

zh-cn	常见症状为咳嗽、咳痰，或原有呼吸道症状加重，并出现脓性痰或血痰，伴或不伴胸痛。
en-us	Common symptoms include coughing, coughing up sputum, or exacerbation of the original respiratory symptoms, with purulent or bloody sputum, with or without chest pain. 

zh-cn	并不是一种传染性疾病。 
en-us	It is generally not considered a contagious disease. 

zh-cn	本次发现的新型冠状病毒与SARS和MERS冠状病毒虽同属于冠状病毒这一大家族，但基因进化分析显示它们分属于不同的亚群分支。
en-us	Although the novel coronavirus is in the same family as SARS and MERS coronaviruses, a genetic evolution analysis shows that it belongs to a different branch of the same subgroup.

zh-cn	如果接到疾控部门通知，你是一个密切接触者， 应该怎么办？ 
en-us	What should close contacts do with notice from Center of Disease Control? 

zh-cn	按照要求进行居家医学观察，。
en-us	Please follow the self-monitoring instructions and stay at home. 

zh-cn	不用恐慌。
en-us	Don’t panic. 

zh-cn	不要上班。
en-us	Don’t go to work. 

zh-cn	不要随便外出。
en-us	Don’t go out too often.

zh-cn	做好自我身体状况观察，定期接受社区医生的随访。
en-us	Perform daily checks of health condition and report the records to the authority, and follow up with your community doctors regularly. 

zh-cn	治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎如何选择治疗场所？ 
en-us	How to choose a medical institution for treatment?

zh-cn	应在具备有效隔离条件和防护条件的医院隔离治疗。
en-us	Isolation and treatment should be performed in a hospital with proper conditions for isolation and protection.  

zh-cn	危重病例应尽早收入ICU治疗。 
en-us	Critical cases should be admitted to an ICU as soon as possible. 

zh-cn	新型冠状病毒肺炎如何治疗？ 
en-us	How to treat COVID-19? 

zh-cn	卧床休息、加强支持治疗，注意水、电解质平衡，维持内环境稳定，根据病情监测各项指标。 
en-us	Put patients to bed rest, provide with supportive care, maintain good hydration and electrolyte balance, internal homeostatis, and closely monitor vital signs and oxygen saturation. 

zh-cn	根据氧饱和度的变化，及时给与有效氧疗措施 
en-us	According to the changes in oxygen saturation, provide a timely effective oxygen therapy. 

zh-cn	抗病毒治疗
en-us	Antiviral therapy

zh-cn	目前无有效抗病毒。 
en-us	There are currently no antiviral drugs with good efficacy. 

zh-cn	抗菌药物治疗 
en-us	Apply antibacterial drug treatment

zh-cn	加强细菌学监测，有继发细菌感染证据时及时应用抗菌药物。 
en-us	Strengthen bacteriological monitoring, and start antibacterial treatment when there is evidence of secondary bacterial infection. 

zh-cn	中医药治疗
en-us	Traditional Chinese medicine treatment.

zh-cn	根据症候辩证施治 
en-us	Treat according to the syndrome. 

zh-cn	临床解除隔离和出院的标准是什么？ 
en-us	What are the clinical criteria for quarantine release and discharge? 

zh-cn	出院指标第一是病情稳定，发烧情况好转。
en-us	The condition of the patient is stable and fever has subsided. 

zh-cn	第二是肺部影像学明显好转，没有脏器功能障碍。
en-us	Lung imaging shows a significant improvement with no sign of organ dysfunction. 

zh-cn	患者呼吸平稳，意识清楚，交流正常，饮食正常，体温恢复正常3天以上。
en-us	The patient has had stable breathing, clear consciousness, unimpaired speech, normal diet and body temperature for more than 3 days.

zh-cn	呼吸道症状明显好转，连续两次呼吸道病原核酸检测阴性(间隔至少1天)。 
en-us	Respiratory symptoms have improved significantly, and two consecutive tests for respiratory pathogenic nucleic acid have been negative (at least one day in-between tests). 

zh-cn	个人卫生防护 
en-us	Personal Precaution 

zh-cn	如何预防冬春季呼吸道传染病？ 
en-us	How to prevent respiratory infections in spring and winter? 

zh-cn	使用肥皂或洗手液并用流动水洗手。
en-us	Wash hands frequently with plain or antimicrobial soap and rinse with running water. 

zh-cn	不用污浊的毛巾擦手。
en-us	Be sure to dry hands with clean towels.

zh-cn	接触呼吸道分泌物后（如打喷嚏后）应立即洗手。 
en-us	Wash hands immediately after contact with respiratory secretions (for example after sneezing). 

zh-cn	保持良好的呼吸道卫生习惯。
en-us	Practice good respiratory hygiene/cough practices. 

zh-cn	咳嗽或打喷嚏时，用纸巾、毛巾等遮住口鼻，咳嗽或打喷嚏后洗手，避免用手触摸眼睛、鼻或口。 
en-us	Cover mouth and nose while coughing/sneezing with tissue, towel etc. and avoid touching eyes, nose or mouth afterwards before thoroughly washing hands. 

zh-cn	增强体质和免疫力。
en-us	Strengthen overall health and immunity. 

zh-cn	均衡饮食、适量运动、作息规律，避免产生过度疲劳。 
en-us	Keep a balanced diet, get enough sleep and regular exercise, and also avoid overworking. 

zh-cn	保持环境清洁和通风。
en-us	Maintain good hygiene and proper ventilation. 

zh-cn	每天开窗通风数次，保持室内空气新鲜。 
en-us	Open windows regularly throughout the day to let in fresh air. 

zh-cn	尽量减少到人群密集场所活动，避免接触呼吸道感染患者。 
en-us	Avoid crowded places or contact with persons with respiratory infections. 

zh-cn	如出现呼吸道感染症状如咳嗽、流涕、发热等，应居家休息，及早就医。
en-us	Seek a medical attention if fever, cough, sneezing, runny nose or other respiratory symptoms appear.

zh-cn	常见的社区获得性肺炎由哪些病原体感染引起？
en-us	Which pathogens cause community-acquired pneumonia? 

zh-cn	导致急性呼吸道疾病的最常见病原体是病毒，或者细菌-病毒混合感染。
en-us	The most common pathogens that cause acute respiratory diseases include bacteria, viruses, or a combination of bacteria and virus. 

zh-cn	新型病原体（如新型冠状病毒 ）导致的急性呼吸道疾病可能引发流行或大流行。 
en-us	New pathogens, such as the novel coronavirus, can cause an epidemic or pandemic of an acute respiratory disease. 

zh-cn	细菌是导致社区获得性肺炎的主要致病原。
en-us	Bacteria are the main cause of community-acquired pneumonia. 

zh-cn	链球菌肺炎是社区最常见的细菌性肺炎之一。
en-us	Streptococcus pneumonia is one of the most common bacterial pneumonia. 

zh-cn	其他：流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎衣原体、肺炎克雷伯菌及金黄色葡萄球菌；铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌少见。
en-us	Other bacterial pathogens include Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus; pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii have also been reported. 

zh-cn	我国成人CAP患者中病毒检出率15%-34.9%，流感病毒占首位。
en-us	The virus detection rate for adult CAP patients in China is 15% to 34.9%, with influenza viruses including Haemophilus influenzae occupying the top spot. 

zh-cn	其他包括副流感病毒、鼻病毒、腺病毒、人偏肺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒及冠状病毒等。 
en-us	Other viral pathogens include parainfluenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and coronavirus. 

zh-cn	病毒检测阳性患者5.8%-65.7%可合并细菌或非典型病原体感染。 
en-us	5.8% to 65.7% of patients with positive virus test results are coinfected with bacteria or atypical pathogens. 

zh-cn	社区获得性肺炎如何形成人际循环？ 
en-us	How is community-acquired pneumonia transmitted? 

zh-cn	理论上所有导致社区获得性肺炎的病原都存在人际传播的风险。
en-us	Theoretically, all pathogens that cause community-acquired pneumonia have potential for human-to-human transmission. 

zh-cn	病原体从感染源传播到易感人群的路径：飞沫传播、接触传播、空气传播。 
en-us	Routes of transmission from the source of infection to susceptible populations are droplet transmission, contact transmission, and airborne transmission. 

zh-cn	冬季受气候和人口流动（春运）等因素的影响，易发生呼吸道传染病的局部性大爆发。
en-us	Apart from the cold weather, the major factors such as movement of population (for example, the sizable migration during Spring Festival in China) makes winter more likely for respiratory infectious diseases to strike. 

zh-cn	主要通过病人咳嗽、喷嚏等飞沫直接传播。
en-us	It is mainly transmitted through droplets emitted by the patients or virus carriers when they cough or sneeze. 

zh-cn	社区存在哪些传播肺炎的危险因素？秋冬季是流感等呼吸道病毒流行的季节，各种感染都可能出现。
en-us	What are the risk factors for transmission of community- acquired pneumonia? Autumn and winter are seasons prone to see the prevalence of respiratory viruses such as influenza, and various other respiratory infections may occur. 

zh-cn	上呼吸道感染与这次新型冠状病毒肺炎早期的症状很难鉴别。 
en-us	This made it difficult to distinguish the early stage of COVID-19 from other upper respiratory infections. 

zh-cn	社区获得性肺炎的感染源主要有：患者、患者家属、探视者及其生活环境。
en-us	The main sources of infection in community-acquired pneumonia include patients, their families, visitors, and their living environment. 

zh-cn	社区获得性肺炎的分布和结局与下列因素有关： 
en-us	The dissemination and outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia are associated with the following factors. 

zh-cn	环境状况：空气污染物、室内拥挤程度、湿度、室内卫生、季节、温度。 
en-us	Environmental conditions: air pollutants, overcrowding in confined spaces, humidity, indoor hygiene, seasons, and temperature.

zh-cn	医疗保健服务和控制传播的预防感染措施的可及性和有效性：疫苗、卫生保健机构的可及性和隔离能力等。
en-us	Accessibility and effectiveness of health care services and infection prevention measures: Accessibility and availability of vaccines and health care facilities, and isolation capabilities.

zh-cn	宿主因素：年龄、吸烟情况、宿主的传染性大小、免疫状况、营养状况、既往感染过 或伴有其他病原体感染、身体基础状况。
en-us	Host factors: age, smoking habits, transmissibility, immune status, nutritional status, previous infection or co-infection of other pathogens, and overall health.

zh-cn	病原体特征：包括传播方式、传染力、毒力因素和微生物量（接种量）。 
en-us	Pathogen characteristics: routes of transmission, infectivity, virulence, and microbial population (inoculation size). 

zh-cn	如何预防社区获得性肺炎？ 
en-us	How to prevent community-acquired pneumonia? 

zh-cn	传染源控制 
en-us	Control the source of infection

zh-cn	急性呼吸道疾病患者咳嗽、打喷嚏时，用手或其他材料（手帕、纸巾、布口罩或者外科口罩） 掩住口鼻，以减少飞沫传播。
en-us	 When coughing or sneezing, the patient with acute respiratory diseases should cover their nose and mouth with the arm or other materials (handkerchiefs, paper towels, or masks) to reduce droplet transmission. 

zh-cn	接触呼吸道分泌物后，应该立即执行手卫生，勤洗手。 
en-us	After exposure to respiratory secretions, perform hand hygiene immediately, and wash hands frequently in daily life. 

zh-cn	个人预防 
en-us	Personal precautions 

zh-cn	合理膳食、保证充足营养、保持口腔健康有助于预防肺炎的发生。 
en-us	Maintain a balanced diet, ensuring adequate nutrition, and maintaining oral health can help prevent against infection. 

zh-cn	适量运动，提高免疫能力。 
en-us	Exercise regularly to boost immunity. 

zh-cn	戒烟限酒，心理平衡。 
en-us	Quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, and stay in good spirits. 

zh-cn	保持室内通风（可通过自然通风和/或排气风扇来促进通风状况）。 
en-us	Ensure indoor ventilation: natural ventilation and/or use of exhaust fans for better airflow. 

zh-cn	接种疫苗。 
en-us	Get vaccinated if available. 

zh-cn	什么是飞沫传播？ 
en-us	What is droplet transmission? 

zh-cn	飞沫：一般认为直径＞5um的含水颗粒 
en-us	A droplet generally refers to a water-containing particle with a diameter greater than 5 μm. 

zh-cn	飞沫可以通过一定的距离（一般为1米）进入易感的粘膜表面。
en-us	Droplets can enter mucosal surfaces within a certain distance (typically 1 m). 

zh-cn	由于飞沫颗粒较大，不会长期悬浮在空气中。 
en-us	Due to the relatively large size and weight of the droplets, they cannot stay suspended in the air for too long. 

zh-cn	呼吸飞沫的产生 
en-us	Generation of respiratory droplets 

zh-cn	咳嗽、打喷嚏或说话。 
en-us	Coughing, sneezing or talking. 

zh-cn	实施呼吸道侵入性操作，如：吸痰或支气管镜检查，气管插管或是翻身、拍背等刺激咳嗽的过程中和心肺复苏等 。 
en-us	During invasive respiratory tract procedures, such as suctioning or bronchoscopy, tracheal intubation, cough-stimulating movements including changing positions in bed or patting backs, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, etc. 

zh-cn	通过飞沫传播的病原体 
en-us	Pathogens transmitted by droplets

zh-cn	流感病毒、SARS冠状病毒、腺病毒、鼻病毒、支原体、A组链球菌和脑膜炎双球菌（奈瑟菌）等。 
en-us	influenza virus, SARS coronavirus, adenovirus, rhinovirus, mycoplasma, group A streptococcus and meningococcus (Neisseria). 

zh-cn	什么是空气传播？ 
en-us	What is airborne transmission? 

zh-cn	空气传播即气溶胶传播。
en-us	Airborne transmission is also known as aerosol transmission. 

zh-cn	可通过空气传播的颗粒：一般认为直径＜5um，能在长时间远距离散播后仍有传染性的颗粒。
en-us	Aerosols are suspensions of tiny particles or droplets that can be transmitted through the air. They are generally considered to be less than 5 μm in diameter, and the pathogens carried by them can still be infectious after traveling long distances. 

zh-cn	通过空气传播的病原体也可以经接触传播。
en-us	Airborne pathogens can also be transmitted through direct contact. 

zh-cn	经空气传播的病原体有。 
en-us	The airborne pathogens are classified as follows. 

zh-cn	专一的空气传播：结核杆菌、曲菌 
en-us	Through the airborne route only: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Aspergillus. 

zh-cn	经多种途径，但以空气传播为主：麻疹病毒、水痘带状疱疹病毒 
en-us	Through multiple routes, but mainly airborne: measles virus, varicella-zoster virus. 

zh-cn	通常经其他途径，但在特殊情况下（如产生气溶胶的操作—气管插管/切开、开放性气道吸引）通过空气传播：天花病毒、SARS冠状病毒、流感病毒和诺如病毒等。 
en-us	Usually through other routes, but can also be transmitted through airborne only in special scenarios (like tracheal intubation/incision, open-airway suctioning and other aerosol- generating procedures): smallpox virus, SARS coronavirus, 2019- nCoV, Influenza virus and norovirus etc. 

zh-cn	什么是接触传播？ 
en-us	What is contact transmission? 

zh-cn	直接接触
en-us	Direct contact

zh-cn	病原体通过粘膜或皮肤的直接接触传播 
en-us	Pathogens are transmitted through direct mucosal or skin contact with an infected host. 

zh-cn	血液或带血体液经粘膜或破损的皮肤进入人体（主要见于病毒的传播） 
en-us	Blood or bloody fluids enter the body through mucous membranes or non-intact skins (mainly viruses). 

zh-cn	直接接触含某种病原体的分泌物引起传播，如疥疮
en-us	Transmission caused by contact with secretions containing certain pathogens, commonly for infections by bacteria, viruses, parasites etc. 

zh-cn	间接接触
en-us	Indirect contact. 

zh-cn	传染性病原体通过污染的物体或人的传播 肠道传染病的病原体多通过间接接触传播： 
en-us	Pathogens are transmitted through contaminated objects or people. Pathogens of intestinal infectious diseases are mostly transmitted through indirect contact. 

zh-cn	MRSA（耐苯唑/甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌），VRE（耐万古霉素的肠球菌），C.difficile(艰难梭菌)。 
en-us	MRSA (benzoxazole/methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), VRE (vancomycin-resistant enterococcus), Clostridium difficile. 

zh-cn	什么是密切接触者？ 
en-us	What is a close contact? 

zh-cn	与病例（观察和确诊病例）发病后有如下接触情形之一者。 
en-us	Close contacts refer to persons who have contact with a patient who is confirmed or suspected with infection of 2019-nCoV), including the following situations. 

zh-cn	与病例共同居住、学习、工作或其他有密切接触的人员。 
en-us	Those who live, study, work or have other forms of a close contact with a patient. 

zh-cn	诊疗、护理、探视病例时未采取有效防护措施的医护人员、家属或其他与病例有类似近距离接触的人员。
en-us	Medical personnel, family members or others who have had a close contact with a patient without taking effective protective measures during diagnosing, treatment, nursing and visiting. 

zh-cn	病例同病室的其他患者及陪护人员。 
en-us	Other patients and their accompanying people sharing the same ward with an infected patient. 

zh-cn	与病例乘坐同一交通工具并有近距离接触人员。 
en-us	Those who shared the same transportation or elevator with the patient. 

zh-cn	现场调查人员调查后经评估认为符合条件的人员。 
en-us	Those who are deemed as such through on-the-spot investigations. 

zh-cn	为什么要对密切接触者医学观察14天？ 
en-us	Why should close contacts be put under isolated medical observation for 14 days? 

zh-cn	目前对密切接触者采取较为严格的医学观察等预防性公共卫生措施十分必要。
en-us	Strict monitoring of close contacts and other preventive measures are necessary.

zh-cn	这是一种对公众健康安全负责任的态度，也是国际社会通行的做法。
en-us	This is not only a socially responsible practice for the public health and safety but also consistent with the international convention. 

zh-cn	参考其他冠状病毒所致疾病潜伏期、此次新型冠状病毒病例相关信息和当前防控实际，将密切接触者医学观察期定为14天，并对密切接触者进行居家医学观察。
en-us	With reference to the incubation periods of diseases caused by other coronaviruses, the information from the recent cases of 2019-nCoV, and the current prevention and control practices, close contacts should be placed under medical observation for 14 days at home.

zh-cn	哪些野生动物会携带冠状病毒？ 
en-us	Which wild animals carry coronaviruses? 

zh-cn	很多野生动物都可能携带病原体，成为某些传染病的传播媒介。
en-us	Many wild animals carry pathogens and are potential transmission vectors of certain contagious diseases.

zh-cn	果子狸、蝙蝠、竹鼠、獾等是冠状病毒的常见宿主。 
en-us	Bats, civets, badgers, bamboo rats, and wild camels, etc. are known hosts of coronaviruses. 

zh-cn	武汉地区的病毒性肺炎疫情爆发，与2002年广东爆发的“非典”疫情有很多相似的之处。
en-us	The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia originated in Wuhan has many similarities to the SARS outbreak in Guangdong back in 2003.

zh-cn	都发生在冬季，初始发生都起源于人与动物市场交易的鲜活动物接触，而且都是由未知的冠状病毒导致。 
en-us	Both began in the winter; the initial cases were traced to contacts with fresh, live animals in a market; both were caused by a previously unknown coronavirus. 

zh-cn	由于武汉新型冠状病毒的进化邻居和外类群都在各类蝙蝠中有发现，推测武汉新型冠状病毒的自然宿主也可能是蝙蝠。
en-us	Due to the similarity of the genomic sequences between the novel coronavirus and a coronavirus found in bats, which is 85% or higher, it is speculated that bats are the natural hosts of the novel coronavirus. 

zh-cn	如同导致2002年的SARS冠状病毒一样，新型冠状病毒在从蝙蝠到人的传染过程中很可能存在未知的中间宿主媒介。 
en-us	Like the SARS coronavirus that caused the outbreak in 2003, the novel coronavirus is likely to have intermediate hosts between bats and humans yet unknown to us. 

zh-cn	不要吃未经检疫的野生动物、生鲜等食品，比如路边摊售卖的肉食。 
en-us	Therefore, one should refrain from consumption of uninspected wild animals or uncooked food such as meat sold by roadside sellers. 

zh-cn	冠状病毒如何由动物到人？ 
en-us	How do coronaviruses transmit from animals to humans? 

zh-cn	许多与冠状病毒有联系的人类感染冠状病毒都和蝙蝠有关，许多冠状病毒的天然宿主都是蝙蝠。
en-us	Many coronaviruses that infect humans could be found in bats, which are natural reservoirs of coronaviruses. 

zh-cn	蝙蝠很有可能就是武汉新型冠状病毒的原生宿主。
en-us	Bats are likely to be the original host of the novel coronavirus. 

zh-cn	不过，从蝙蝠到人可能还存在更多的中间宿主，目前还没有确认。 
en-us	However, there are several other possible intermediate hosts between bats and humans, which have not been confirmed yet. 

zh-cn	冠状病毒由动物到人、人与人的路径：接触传播和飞沫传播。 
en-us	Animal-to-human or human-to-human transmission relies mainly on two routes: contacts and droplets. 

zh-cn	HKU1、SARS-CoV、MERS-CoV、2019-nCoV：可引起人类肺炎。 
en-us	The coronaviruses that are currently known to cause pneumonia in humans include HKU1, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and 2019-nCoV. 

zh-cn	你了解冠状病毒的致病性吗？ 
en-us	How virulent is the 2019-nCoV? 

zh-cn	冠状病毒主要感染成人或较大儿童，引起普通感冒和咽喉炎。
en-us	Common coronaviruses mainly infect adults or older children, causing the common cold. 

zh-cn	某些毒株还可引起成人腹泻。
en-us	Some strains can cause diarrhea in adults.

zh-cn	病毒经飞沫传播，粪口途径亦可以传播。
en-us	These viruses are mainly transmitted by droplets, and can also be spread via the fecal-oral route. 

zh-cn	主要在冬春季流行。
en-us	The incidence of corona virus infection is prevalent in winter and spring. 

zh-cn	疾病的潜伏期平均3-7天。 
en-us	The incubation period for coronaviruses is usually 3 to 7 days. 

zh-cn	衡量一种病毒的危害程度，一看致死率，二看传染性。
en-us	To measure the degree of harm caused by a virus, both infectivity and lethality should be considered. 

zh-cn	新型冠状病毒已具备致死性，尚不能确定致死率。 
en-us	The new coronavirus is highly- infectious and can be fatal, but its lethality has not been determined at present. 

zh-cn	严重急性呼吸综合征---“SARS”。 
en-us	What is Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)? 

zh-cn	SARS-CoV可引起严重急性呼吸综合征。
en-us	Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a disease caused by SARS-CoV. 

zh-cn	SARS的主要症状有发热、咳嗽、头痛、肌肉痛，以及呼吸道感染症状。
en-us	The main symptoms of SARS include fever, cough, headache, muscle pain, and other symptoms of respiratory infection. 

zh-cn	大多数SARS患者能够自愈或治愈。
en-us	Most SARS patients recover with or without medical treatment.

zh-cn	病死率约14%，尤其在40岁以上或有潜在疾病者(如冠心病、糖尿病、哮喘以及慢性肺病) 病死率高。 
en-us	Its fatality rate is about 10%; those over 40 years of age or with underlying diseases (such as coronary heart disease, diabetes, asthma, and chronic lung diseases) are most at risk to develop the fatal disease. 

zh-cn	中东呼吸综合征（MERS）冠状病毒---病死率高于“SARS”。 
en-us	What is Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)? 

zh-cn	那么，它们之间究竟有哪些区别？（1）二者传播速度不同。
en-us	The case fatality rate is about 40%. 

zh-cn	什么是新型冠状病毒？这种病毒为什么会流行？ 
en-us	What is novel coronavirus? Why has it become epidemic? 

zh-cn	此次引起流行的冠状病毒为一种变异的新型冠状病毒(β属)，WHO命名为2019- nCoV。
en-us	The newly discovered coronavirus is a mutated novel coronavirus (β genus), which is named 2019-nCoV by the WHO. 

zh-cn	2020年1月10日，第一例2019-nCoV基因组测序完成，之后相继有5个样本的病毒基因组序列公布。 
en-us	On January 10, 2020, genomic sequencing of the first sample of 2019-nCoV was completed, and the viral genomic sequences of five more samples were subsequently announced. 

zh-cn	由于冠状病毒发生抗原性变异产生了新型冠状病毒，人群缺少对变异病毒株的免疫力。
en-us	Due to the antigenic mutations that made this corona virus new to humans, the general population lacks immunity against the new strain. 

zh-cn	所以可引起新型冠状病毒肺炎的流行。 
en-us	These factors resulted in the novel coronavirus becoming epidemic. 

zh-cn	什么是社区获得性肺炎？ 
en-us	What is community-acquired pneumonia? 

zh-cn	社区获得性肺炎指在医院外罹患的感染性肺实质炎症（含肺泡壁，即广义上的肺间质），包括具有明确潜伏期的病原体感染而在人院后平均潜伏期内发病的肺炎。 
en-us	Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) refers to infectious pulmonary parenchymal pneumonia (including in the alveolar wall, which belongs to the lung interstitium in a broad sense) contracted outside the hospital setting, including pneumonia from known pathogens presenting after admission within its average incubation period. 

zh-cn	社区获得性肺炎的临床诊断标准是什么？ 
en-us	What are the diagnostic criteria for community-acquired pneumonia? 

zh-cn	社区发病。
en-us	Onset in community. 

zh-cn	肺炎相关临床表现： 
en-us	The clinical manifestations of pneumonia are as follows. 

zh-cn	新近出现的咳嗽、咳痰或原有呼吸道疾病加重，伴或不伴脓痰/胸痛/呼吸困难/咳血。
en-us	New presentation of cough, sputum, or exacerbation of existing respiratory diseases, with or without purulent sputum/chest pain/dyspnea/hemoptysis. 

zh-cn	发热
en-us	Fever 

zh-cn	肺实变体征和（或）闻及湿性啰音。
en-us	Pulmonary consolidation and/or presence of wet rales. 

zh-cn	WBC＞10×109/L或＜4×109/L，伴或不伴中性粒细胞核左移。 
en-us	WBC (white blood cells) counts higher than 10×109/L or lower than 4 × 109/L, with or without a left shift of neutrophil nucleus 

zh-cn	影像学。
en-us	Imaging characteristics. 

zh-cn	胸部X线检查显示新出现的斑片状浸润性阴影、叶/段实变影、或间质性改变，伴或不伴胸腔积液。
en-us	Radiographic examination revealing patchy infiltrates, lobular/segmental consolidation, or interstitial changes with or without pleural effusion. 

zh-cn	以上1-4项中任何1项加影像学， 除外非感染性疾病可做出诊断。
en-us	If any items in (2) is positive and the imaging results support, a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia could be made after ruling out non-infectious diseases.

zh-cn	新型冠状病毒肺炎预防手册 
en-us	The Coronavirus Prevention Handbook 

zh-cn	认识冠状病毒 
en-us	Overview of Coronaviruses 

zh-cn	什么是呼吸道病毒？ 
en-us	What are viruses associated with respiratory infections? 

zh-cn	呼吸道病毒是指以呼吸道为侵入门户，在呼吸道粘膜上皮细胞中增殖，引起呼吸道局部感染或呼吸道以外组织器官病变的病毒。 
en-us	Viruses associated with respiratory infections refer to the viruses that invade and proliferate in the epithelial cells of the respiratory tracts that could cause respiratory and systemic symptoms. 

zh-cn	常见的呼吸道病毒有哪些? 
en-us	What are the common viruses associated with respiratory infections? 

zh-cn	正黏病毒科的流感病毒，副黏病毒科的副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、麻疹病毒、腮腺炎病毒、亨德拉病毒、尼帕病毒和人偏肺病毒，披膜病毒科的风疹病毒，小RNA病毒科的鼻病毒，冠状病毒科的SARS冠状病毒等。
en-us	Viruses from the family Orthomyxoviridae (influenza viruses), the family Paramyxoviridae (paramyxoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, measles virus, mumps virus, Hendra virus, Nipah virus and human metapneumovirus), the family Togaviridae (Rubella virus), the family Picornaviridae (rhinovirus), and the family Coronaviridae (SARS coronavirus) are the common respiratory viruses. 

zh-cn	此外，腺病毒、呼肠病毒、柯萨奇病毒与ECHO病毒、疱疹病毒等也可引起呼吸道感染性疾病。 
en-us	In addition, adenovirus, reovirus, coxsackie virus, ECHO virus, herpes virus, etc. can also cause infectious respiratory diseases. 

zh-cn	什么是冠状病毒？ 
en-us	What are coronaviruses? 

zh-cn	冠状病毒为不分节段的单股正链RNA病毒。
en-us	Coronavirus are unsegmented single-stranded positive-strand RNA viruses.

zh-cn	冠状病毒属于巢病毒目冠状病毒科正冠状病毒亚科，根据血清型和基因组特点冠状病毒亚科被分为α、β、γ和δ四个属。
en-us	Coronavirus belong to the order Nidovirales, the family Coronaviridae, and the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae, which is divided into α, β, γ, and δ genera according to their serotypic and genomic characteristics. 

zh-cn	冠状病毒属于冠状病毒科冠状病毒属。
en-us	Coronaviruses belong to the genus Coronavirus of the family Coronaviridae. 

zh-cn	由于病毒包膜上有向四周伸出的突起，形如花冠而得名。 
en-us	It is named after the wreath-shaped protrusions on the envelope of the virus. 

zh-cn	冠状病毒的形态和结构是什么样的？ 
en-us	What are the shape and structure of coronaviruses? 

zh-cn	冠状病毒有包膜，颗粒呈圆形或椭圆形，经常为多形性， 直径50-200m。
en-us	Coronaviruses have an envelope encasing the RNA genome), and the virions (the whole viruses) are round or oval, often polymorphic, with a diameter of 50 to 200 nm. 

zh-cn	S蛋白位于病毒表面，形成棒状结构。
en-us	The spike protein is located on the surface of the virus and forms a rod-like structure.

zh-cn	作为病毒的主要抗原蛋白之一，是用于分型的主要结构。
en-us	As one of the main antigenic proteins of the virus, the spike protein is the main structure used for typing. 

zh-cn	N蛋白包裹病毒基因组，可用作诊断抗原。
en-us	The nucleocapsid protein encapsulates the viral genome and can be used as a diagnostic antigen. 

zh-cn	冠状病毒如何分类？ 
en-us	How are coronaviruses classified? 

zh-cn	冠状病毒大部分感染动物。
en-us	Most coronaviruses infect animals. 

zh-cn	目前从人分离的冠状病毒主要有普通冠状病毒229E、OC43和SARS冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）三个型别。
en-us	Currently, three types of coronaviruses have been isolated from humans: Human Coronaviruses 229E, OC43, and SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). 

zh-cn	已知感染人的冠状病毒有6种。
en-us	There are 6 types of coronaviruses previously known to infect humans.

zh-cn	属的229E、NL63，β属的OC43、HKU1、中东呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）和严重急性呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）。
en-us	229E and NL63 (of alphacoronaviruses), OC43 (of betacoronaviruses), HKU1, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV). 

zh-cn	此次从武汉市不明原因肺炎患者下呼吸道分离出的冠状病毒为一种新型冠状病毒，WHO命名为2019-nCoV。
en-us	Recently, a novel coronavirus was isolated from the lower respiratory tract of patients in Wuhan, who were suffering from pneumonia due to unknown causes (The World Health Organization (WHO) called it 2019-nCoV. 

zh-cn	目前已知的6个新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）基因组序列几乎完全一致，
en-us	This novel coronavirus is very similar in terms of the genome sequences to six previously discovered coronaviruses.

zh-cn	并且从基因序列同源性上来说，新型冠状病毒更接近SARS-CoV。
en-us	An analysis of their genetic sequence homology revealed that the new virus has many similarities with SARS-CoV. 

zh-cn	新型冠状病毒目前可以归到β属冠状病毒中。
en-us	This novel coronavirus is now classified as a beta-coronavirus.