en-us	How is this global health pandemic different from past health crises and what does it tell us? 
zh-cn	本次重大健康危机与过往的危机有何不同？我们可以从中得到什么经验教训？ 

en-us	I am not sure it is the worst global health threat we have faced. 
zh-cn	说实话，这一次并不一定是我们面临过的最严重的全球健康危机。

en-us	The influenza epidemic of 1918-1919 was worse, the AIDS epidemic was probably worse, and pandemics in previous eras were certainly far worse. 
zh-cn	1918-1919年的大流感更为严重，艾滋病也很可能更为严重，其他时期也曾有过流行病大肆虐。

en-us	As pandemics go, this is actually a mild one. 
zh-cn	事实上，与其他全球性大流行病相比，这一次是比较温和的。

en-us	In the early 1980s, if you got AIDS – you died. 
zh-cn	在八十年代初期，如果感染了艾滋病就必死无疑。

en-us	The Black Death [the plague that ravaged Europe between 1347 and 1351] killed between a quarter and half of the affected populations. 
zh-cn	（在1347年至1351年间肆虐欧洲的）黑死病感染人口的死亡率是四分之一到一半。

en-us	The 1918 influenza killed more than ten per cent of the entire population in some countries. 
zh-cn	在1918年的大流感中，一些国家甚至有十分之一的人口丧生。 

en-us	In contrast, COVID-19 is killing less than five per cent of those infected, and unless some dangerous mutation occurs, it is unlikely to kill more than one per cent of the population of any country. 
zh-cn	COVID-19目前的死亡率低于5％，除非发生危险的突变，否则任何一个国家都不太可能有百分之一的人口死于该疾病。 

en-us	Moreover, in contrast to previous eras, we now have all the scientific knowledge and technological tools necessary to overcome this plague. 
zh-cn	另外，如今的我们拥有对抗此次流行病所需要的科学知识与技术工具，但以往却并非如此。

en-us	When the Black Death struck, people were completely helpless. They never discovered what was killing them and what could be done about it. 
zh-cn	比如，黑死病肆虐之时，当时的人们手足无措，他们不了解致死原因，也不知道如何保护自己。

en-us	In 1348, the medical faculty of the University of Paris believed that the epidemic was caused by an astrological misfortune – namely that “a major conjunction of three planets in Aquarius [caused] a deadly corruption of the air” (quoted in Rosemary Horrox ed. The Black Death, Manchester University Press, 1994, p. 159). 
zh-cn	1348年，巴黎大学医学院认为，黑死病是由于不吉利的天体运动星象引发，即“三颗行星在水瓶座交集导致了致命的大气污染”（引自罗斯玛丽·霍洛克斯的著作《黑死病》，曼彻斯特大学出版社，1994， p. 159 )。 

en-us	In contrast, when COVID-19 erupted, it took scientists only two weeks to correctly identify the virus responsible for the epidemic, sequence its entire genome, and develop reliable tests for the disease. 
zh-cn	相反，当COVID-19出现时，科学家仅用了两周时间就辨别出了造成该流行病的病毒，对其进行了全基因组测序，并开发出针对该疾病的可靠的检测方法。

en-us	We know what to do in order to stop the spread of this epidemic. 
zh-cn	我们知道采取怎样的行动能够制止疾病蔓延。

en-us	It is likely that within a year or two, we will also have a vaccine. 
zh-cn	很可能在一两年之后，针对该疾病的疫苗也将被研发出来。 

en-us	However, COVID-19 is not just a health-care crisis. It also results in a huge economic and political crisis. 
zh-cn	但COVID-19不仅仅是一场健康危机，也导致了严重的经济、政治危机。

en-us	I am less afraid of the virus than of the inner demons of humankind: hatred, greed and ignorance. 
zh-cn	与病毒相比，我更害怕的是人类内心隐藏的恶魔：仇恨、贪婪和无知。

en-us	If people blame the epidemic on foreigners and minorities; if greedy businesses care only about their profits; and if we believe all kinds of conspiracy theories – it will be much harder to overcome this epidemic, and later on we will live in a world poisoned by this hatred, greed and ignorance. 
zh-cn	如果人们指责外国人及少数群体是病毒的传播者，如果贪婪的企业唯利是图，如果我们误信五花八门的阴谋论，我们势必很难战胜新冠病毒，我们生活的世界将会被仇恨、贪婪和无知所侵蚀。

en-us	In contrast, if we react to the epidemic with global solidarity and generosity, and if we trust in science rather than in conspiracy theories, I am sure we can not only overcome this crisis, but actually come out of it much stronger. 
zh-cn	相反，如果我们在抗疫过程中团结一致、各国互帮互助，如果我们相信科学而非阴谋论，那么我相信我们不但能战胜危机，并且还会变得更加强大。 

en-us	To what extent could social distancing become the norm? What effect will that have on societies? 
zh-cn	保持社交距离在多大程度上会成为常态呢？这将对社会产生怎样的影响？ 

en-us	For the duration of the crisis, some social distancing is inevitable. 
zh-cn	在危机期间，采取一些保持社交距离的措施是至关重要的。

en-us	The virus spreads by exploiting our best human instincts. 
zh-cn	病毒是通过人类最高级的本能来传播的。

en-us	We are social animals. 
zh-cn	人类是社会性动物。

en-us	We like contact, especially in hard times. 
zh-cn	我们喜欢与人联络，在艰难时期更甚。

en-us	And when relatives, friends or neighbours are sick, our compassion arises and we want to come and help them. 
zh-cn	当我们的家人、朋友或邻居生病时，我们会同情他们，并希望能够帮助他们。

en-us	The virus is using this against us. This is how it spreads. 
zh-cn	病毒正是利用了这个本能来攻击人类，病毒就是这样传播的。

en-us	So we need to act from the head rather than the heart, and despite the difficulties, reduce our level of contact. 
zh-cn	因此，我们更应该遵循的是理性，而不是随心而行。尽管困难重重，我们也应尽量减少与他人接触。

en-us	Whereas the virus is a mindless piece of genetic information, we humans have a mind, we can analyse the situation rationally, and we can vary the way we behave. 
zh-cn	病毒是不具有理性的基因信息，而人类可以用理性来分析目前情况并调整我们的行为。

en-us	I believe that once the crisis is over, we will not see any long-term effects on our basic human instincts. 
zh-cn	我认为危机结束后，人类的本能并不会有长期的改变。

en-us	We will still be social animals. We will still love contact. We will still come to help friends and relatives. 
zh-cn	人类还是社会性动物，还是喜欢建立联系，我们还会继续帮助我们的家人和朋友。 

en-us	Look, for example, at what happened to the LGBT [lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered] community in the wake of AIDS. 
zh-cn	我们可以看一看艾滋病毒流行之后，LGBT群体（女同性恋者、男同性恋者、双性恋者与跨性别者）中发生了什么。

en-us	It was a terrible epidemic, and gay people were often completely abandoned by the state, and yet the epidemic did not cause the disintegration of that community. 
zh-cn	当时，艾滋病对于同性恋者来说是十分可怕的，因为他们中很多人被国家完全抛弃。

en-us	Just the opposite. Already, at the height of the crisis, LGBT volunteers established many new organizations to help sick people, to spread reliable information, and to fight for political rights. 
zh-cn	但艾滋病并没有导致这一群体的孤立，与此相反，在艾滋病危机最为严重之时，LGBT群体的志愿者创建了多个组织来帮助患者，宣传可靠的信息，并争取自身的政治权益。

en-us	In the 1990s, after the worst years of the AIDS epidemic, the LGBT community in many countries was much stronger than before. 
zh-cn	九十年代时，在艾滋病流行最严重的时期过后，很多国家的LGBT群体比以前更加强大。 

en-us	How do you see the state of scientific and information co-operation after the crisis? UNESCO was created after the Second World War to promote scientific and intellectual co-operation through the free flow of ideas. 
zh-cn	您认为疫情过后，科学及信息领域的合作前景如何？联合国教科文组织成立于第二次世界大战之后，旨在通过思想的自由交流促进科学文化领域合作。

en-us	Could the "free flow of ideas" and co-operation between countries be strengthened as a result of the crisis? 
zh-cn	那么疫情过后，“思想的自由流动”与相关领域的合作是否会得到促进呢？ 

en-us	Our biggest advantage over the virus is our ability to co-operate effectively. 
zh-cn	面对病毒，人类的主要优势在于其有效合作的能力。

en-us	A virus in China and a virus in the United States cannot swap tips about how to infect humans. 
zh-cn	在中国的病毒和在美国的病毒并不能相互交流如何感染人类的心得，

en-us	But China can teach the US many valuable lessons about coronavirus and how to deal with it. More than that – China can actually send experts and equipment to directly help the US, and the US can similarly help other countries. 
zh-cn	但是中国可以和美国交流在抗疫过程中的宝贵经验及应对方法，甚至可以派遣专家、寄送医疗物资及设备直接帮助美国，美国也可以帮助其他国家。

en-us	The viruses cannot do anything like that. 
zh-cn	而这样的合作，是病毒无法完成的。 

en-us	And of all forms of co-operation, the sharing of information is probably the most important, because you cannot do anything without accurate information. 
zh-cn	信息共享很可能是最重要的合作形式，因为如果没有准确、具体的信息，我们就会束手无策。

en-us	You cannot develop medicines and vaccines without reliable information. 
zh-cn	没有可靠的信息来源，也无法研发药物。

en-us	Indeed, even isolation depends on information. 
zh-cn	甚至面对疫情的自我保护也取决于信息。

en-us	If you don’t understand how a disease spreads, how can you quarantine people against it? 
zh-cn	如果人们不了解疾病如何传播，又怎么会采取居家隔离的方式对抗疫情呢？ 

en-us	For example, isolation against AIDS is very different from isolation against COVID-19. 
zh-cn	比如，艾滋病的防护方法与COVID-19的防护方法差别很大。

en-us	To isolate yourself against AIDS, you need to use a condom while having sex, but there is no problem talking face to face with an HIV+ person – or shaking their hands and even hugging them. 
zh-cn	预防艾滋病感染，需要在发生性关系时使用避孕套，但完全可以与艾滋病毒携带者面对面聊天、握手甚至亲吻。

en-us	COVID-19 is an entirely different story. 
zh-cn	COVID-19病毒则完全不同。

en-us	To know how to isolate yourself from a particular epidemic, you first need reliable information about what causes this epidemic. 
zh-cn	若想了解如何预防某一流行病，首先需要掌握关于该疾病病原的可靠信息。

en-us	Is it viruses or bacteria? Is it transmitted through blood or breath? Does it endanger children or the elderly? Is there just one strain of the virus, or several mutant strains?     
zh-cn	致病源是病毒还是细菌？是通过血液传播还是呼吸道传播？对于儿童和老人来说是否危险？病毒是只有一类毒株还是有多种变异毒株？ 

en-us	In recent years, authoritarian and populist politicians have sought not only to block the free flow of information, but even to undermine the public’s trust in science. 
zh-cn	近年来，专制及民粹主义领导人不仅采取措施阻止信息的自由流通，还试图破坏民众对于科学的信心。

en-us	Some politicians depicted scientists as a sinister elite, disconnected from “the people”. 
zh-cn	一些政治官员将科学家描述为可怕的、与民众隔绝的精英群体。

en-us	These politicians told their followers not to believe what scientists are saying about climate change, or even about vaccinations. 
zh-cn	他们促使自己的支持者不要相信科学家们关于气候变化及疫苗的言论。

en-us	It should now be obvious to everyone how dangerous such populist messages are. 
zh-cn	如今，这些民粹主义言论的危险性显而易见。

en-us	In a time of crisis, we need information to flow openly, and we need people to trust scientific experts rather than political demagogues. 
zh-cn	在危机时期，信息的自由流通至关重要，民众需要相信科学专家，而非煽动人心的政客。 

en-us	Fortunately, in the current emergency most people indeed turn to science. 
zh-cn	幸好在目前的形势下，我们观察到大多数人是相信科学的。

en-us	The Catholic Church instructs the faithful to stay away from the churches. Israel has closed down its synagogues. The Islamic Republic of Iran is punishing people who go to mosques. 
zh-cn	天主教会要求教徒不再去教堂，以色列关闭了境内犹太教堂，伊朗对所有违反规则去清真寺的人进行了惩罚。

en-us	Temples and sects of all kinds have suspended public ceremonies. 
zh-cn	寺庙及各类宗派都暂停了公共仪式。

en-us	And all because scientists have made some calculations and recommended closing down these holy places.      
zh-cn	这一切举措都是因为科学家进行了分析计算，并建议关闭宗教场所。 

en-us	I hope that people will remember the importance of trustworthy scientific information even after this crisis is over. 
zh-cn	我希望在疫情结束后，人们能够记住科学信息的重要性。

en-us	If we want to enjoy trustworthy scientific information in a time of emergency, we must invest in it in normal times. 
zh-cn	若想要在危机时期能够得到可靠的信息，就需要平常在该领域做出努力。

en-us	Scientific information doesn’t come down from heaven, nor does it spring from the mind of individual geniuses. 
zh-cn	科学信息并不会从天而降，也并不会在天才的头脑中凭空产生。

en-us	It depends on having strong independent institutions like universities, hospitals and newspapers. 
zh-cn	科学信息取决于是否存在大学、医院及报刊等独立机构。

en-us	Institutions that not only research the truth, but are also free to tell people the truth, without being afraid of being punished by some authoritarian government. 
zh-cn	这些机构不仅仅求真，而且能够自由地将真相告知民众，而不会受到专制政体当局的制裁。

en-us	It takes years to build such institutions. But it is worth it. 
zh-cn	建立起这样的机构需要多年时间，但这是值得的。

en-us	A society that provides citizens with a good scientific education, and that is served by strong independent institutions, can deal with an epidemic far better than a brutal dictatorship that has to constantly police an ignorant population. 
zh-cn	如果一个社会能够向民众提供可靠的科学信息，并且得到独立、强大的科学机构的支持，一定会比一个希望时时刻刻控制无知的群众的专制政体更为有效地抗击疫情。 

en-us	For example, how do you make millions of people wash their hands with soap every day? One way to do it is to place a policeman, or perhaps a camera, in every toilet, and punish people who fail to wash their hands. 
zh-cn	举例来说，怎样才能让几百万人口每天用肥皂洗手？我们可以在所有洗手间中派一名警察或安装监控，惩罚那些不洗手的人。

en-us	Another way is to teach people in school about viruses and bacteria, explain that soap can remove or kill these pathogens, and then trust people to make up their own minds. 
zh-cn	但我们也可以和小学生们解释病毒是什么，细菌是什么，并解释肥皂可以去除或消灭病原体，之后信任民众，让他们形成自己的观点。

en-us	What do you think, which method is more efficient? 
zh-cn	您觉得哪种方法更有效呢？ 

en-us	How important is it for countries to work together to disseminate reliable information? 
zh-cn	那么国际合作对于传播可靠信息来说有多重要呢？ 

en-us	Countries need to share trustworthy information not only about narrow medical issues, but also about a wide range of other issues – from the economic impact of the crisis to the psychological condition of citizens. 
zh-cn	各国不仅需要在医学问题上共享信息，在其他许多问题上也需要信息交流，从经济损失到公民的心理健康。

en-us	Suppose country X is currently debating which kind of lockdown policy to adopt. It has to take into consideration not only the spread of the disease, but also the economic and psychological costs of lockdown. 
zh-cn	假设某国目前正在就需要采取的隔离方式进行辩论，则不仅需要考虑到病毒的传播，还需要考虑到居家隔离带来的经济损失及心理健康问题。

en-us	Other countries have already faced this dilemma before, and tried different policies. 
zh-cn	其他国家或许已经面临过这一两难问题，或者已经尝试过不同的政策。

en-us	Instead of acting on the basis of pure speculations and repeating past mistakes, country X can examine what were the actual consequences of the different policies adopted in China, the Republic of  Korea, Sweden, Italy and the United Kingdom. 
zh-cn	那么该国就可以避免根据纯粹的推测重蹈覆辙，而是分析在中国、韩国、瑞典、意大利和英国采取的不同措施及其实际效果与后果。

en-us	It can thereby make better decisions. 
zh-cn	这样，该国便可以采纳最佳方案。

en-us	But only if all these countries honestly report not just the number of sick and dead people, but also what happened to their economies and to the mental health of their citizens. 
zh-cn	但如果希望达到这样的效果，则需要所有国家都能坦诚公布感染人数与死亡人数，并公开隔离措施对于该国经济及公民心理健康产生的影响。 

en-us	The rise of AI and the need for technical solutions has seen private companies come forward. 
zh-cn	人工智能的出现与对于技术解决方案的需求使得私营企业发挥了作用。

en-us	In this context, is it still possible to develop global ethical principles and restore international co-operation? 
zh-cn	在这一背景下，是否还有可能创建全球道德准则并恢复国际合作呢？ 

en-us	As private companies get involved, it becomes even more important to craft global ethical principles and restore international co-operation. 
zh-cn	私营公司的参与使建立全球道德准则及恢复国际合作更为重要。

en-us	Some private companies may be motivated by greed more than solidarity, so they must be regulated carefully. 
zh-cn	有些私营公司的目的更多是在于盈利，而不是团结，因此有必要制定一系列规则来使这些公司更为规范化。

en-us	Even those acting benevolently are not directly accountable to the public, so it is dangerous to allow them to accumulate too much power. 
zh-cn	甚至一些非盈利公司也不是对公众直接负责的。因此，赋予这些企业太多权力是有风险的。 

en-us	This is particularly true when talking about surveillance. 
zh-cn	在监控方面更是如此。

en-us	We are witnessing the creation of new surveillance systems all over the world, by both governments and corporations. 
zh-cn	目前，我们正见证着全世界范围内，无论是国家还是企业，都在采取新的监控举措。

en-us	The current crisis might mark an important watershed in the history of surveillance. 
zh-cn	目前的疫情可能标志着监控历史上的一个重要转折点。

en-us	First, because it might legitimate and normalize the deployment of mass surveillance tools in countries that have so far rejected them. 
zh-cn	首先是因为疫情会使得一些国家大规模使用监控工具合理化、常态化，而此前这些国家原本是拒绝使用这些监控工具的。

en-us	Secondly, and even more importantly, it signifies a dramatic transition from “over the skin” to “under the skin” surveillance. 
zh-cn	第二个理由更为重要：此次疫情可能会导致监控无孔不入，导致从外部监控到内部监控的根本性转变。 

en-us	Previously, governments and corporations monitored mainly your actions in the world – where you go, who you meet. 
zh-cn	从前，政府和企业主要监控我们的行动，去哪里，遇见谁。

en-us	Now they have become more interested in what is happening inside your body. In your medical condition, body temperature, blood pressure. 
zh-cn	如今，他们更感兴趣的我们身体内部发生了什么，比如健康状况、体温、血压。

en-us	That kind of biometric information can tell governments and corporations far more about you than ever before. 
zh-cn	这些生物特征的信息让政府与相关企业对我们的了解达到了前所未有的程度。 

en-us	Could you suggest some ethical principles for how these new surveillance systems can be regulated? 
zh-cn	您可以列举一些规范这些监控系统的道德准则吗？ 

en-us	Ideally, the surveillance system should be operated by a special health-care authority rather than by a private company or by the security services. 
zh-cn	理想情况下，监控应由专门的卫生机构而非私营企业或情报部门进行。

en-us	The health-care authority should be narrowly focused on preventing epidemics, and should have no other commercial or political interests. 
zh-cn	该卫生机构的目标在于预防流行病，而非商业或政治利益。

en-us	I am particularly alarmed when I hear people comparing the COVID-19 crisis to war, and calling for the security services to take over. 
zh-cn	当我听说有人将当前的疫情与战争相提并论，并要求情报部门控制时，我感到十分震惊。

en-us	This isn’t a war. It is a health-care crisis. 
zh-cn	这不是一场战争，而是一次健康危机。

en-us	There are no human enemies to kill. It is all about taking care of people. 
zh-cn	人类并不需要杀死敌人，而是需要治疗病患。

en-us	The dominant image in war is a soldier with a rifle storming forward. 
zh-cn	当我们想到战争时，通常会想到士兵持枪的画面。

en-us	Now the image in our heads should be a nurse changing bed-sheets in a hospital. 
zh-cn	在当前情况下，我们应该想到的是护士在医院更换床单的场景。

en-us	Soldiers and nurses have a very different way of thinking. 
zh-cn	士兵和护士的思维方式截然不同。

en-us	If you want to put somebody in charge, don’t put a soldier in charge. Put a nurse.  
zh-cn	若想控制住这场疫情的话，我们需要的不是士兵，而是护士。 

en-us	The health-care authority should gather the minimum amount of data necessary for the narrow task of preventing epidemics, and should not share this data with any other governmental body – especially not the police. 
zh-cn	相关卫生部门应收集预防流行病这一具体任务所需要的最少数据，并且不应与其他政府机构，特别是警察共享所得数据。

en-us	Nor should it share the data with private companies. It should make sure that data gathered about individuals is never used to harm or manipulate these individuals – for example, leading to people losing their jobs or their insurance.  
zh-cn	卫生部门也不应与私营企业共享这些数据，而是应当确保这些从个人那里收集来的数据绝不会用于伤害或操控这些个人（比如，不能以数据为由解雇某人或扣除他的保险金）。 

en-us	The health-care authority may make the data accessible to scientific research, but only if the fruits of this research are made freely available to humanity, and if any incidental profits are reinvested in providing people with better health care. 
zh-cn	卫生部门可以将这些数据提供给科学研究，但前提必须是研究成果需免费提供给全人类，并必须将可能获得的任何附带利润投资于改善公共卫生系统。 

en-us	In contrast to all these limitations on data sharing, the individuals themselves should be given as much control of the data gathered about them.
zh-cn	而对个人来说，作为共享个人数据的补偿，他们应该能够在最大程度上掌控关于自己的信息，

en-us	 They should be free to examine their personal data and benefit from it. 
zh-cn	他们应该有权自由查询自己的个人数据并可以从中受益。 

en-us	Finally, while such surveillance systems would probably be national in character, to really prevent epidemics, the different health-care authorities would have to co-operate with one another. 
zh-cn	最后，尽管这些监控系统可能是由国家机构或部门运行，各国卫生部门必须合作才能真正成功地预防流行病。

en-us	Since pathogens don’t respect national borders, unless we combine data from different countries, it will be difficult to spot and stop epidemics. 
zh-cn	要知道，病原体并不会因为受到国界的限制。如果不把各国数据放在一起共同分析，将很难检测和铲除流行病。

en-us	If national surveillance is done by an independent health-care authority which is free of political and commercial interests, it would be much easier for such national authorities to co-operate globally.     
zh-cn	如果国家的监控工作是由一个无商业及政治利益的独立健康部门来负责的话，各国之间的合作就会更加顺畅。 

en-us	You have spoken of a recent rapid deterioration of trust in the international system. 
zh-cn	您提到最近观察到民众对于国际体系的信心急剧下降。

en-us	How do you see the profound changes in multilateral co-operation in the future? 
zh-cn	那么您认为哪些深层次的变化可以影响多边合作呢？ 

en-us	I don’t know what will happen in the future. It depends on the choices we make in the present. 
zh-cn	我无法预测未来，因为未来取决于我们当前做出的选择。

en-us	Countries can choose to compete for scarce resources and pursue an egoistic and isolationist policy, or they could choose to help one another in the spirit of global solidarity. 
zh-cn	各国既可以选择争夺稀缺资源，奉行自私和孤立主义的政策，也可以选择全球团结，互帮互助。

en-us	This choice will shape both the course of the present crisis and the future of the international system for years to come. 
zh-cn	这个选择将决定当前危机的走向以及国际体系的未来。 

en-us	I hope countries will choose solidarity and co-operation. 
zh-cn	我希望各国的选择是团结与合作。

en-us	We cannot stop this epidemic without close co-operation between countries all over the world. 
zh-cn	如果没有世界各国之间的密切合作，我们便无法成功抗疫。

en-us	Even if a particular country succeeds in stopping the epidemic in its territory for a while, as long as the epidemic continues to spread elsewhere, it might return everywhere. Even worse, viruses constantly mutate. 
zh-cn	就算有一个国家在一段时间内在其领土上遏制住了疫情，只要疫情继续在其他地方蔓延，就还是可以在任何地方卷土重来，甚至比以前更为严重。

en-us	A mutation in the virus anywhere in the world might make it more contagious or more deadly, putting in danger all of humankind. 
zh-cn	因为病毒在不断变异，病毒在世界上任何一个地方发生突变都有可能变得传染性更强，致死率更高，危害全人类。

en-us	The only way we can really protect ourselves, is by helping to protect all humans. 
zh-cn	真正能保护自己的唯一办法，就是互相帮助，使全人类都得到保护。 

en-us	The same is true of the economic crisis. 
zh-cn	面对经济危机也是如此。

en-us	If every country looks only after its own interests, the result will be a severe global recession that will hit everyone. 
zh-cn	如果每个国家仅捍卫自己的利益，将会导致波及全世界的严重经济衰退。

en-us	Rich countries like the US, Germany and Japan will muddle through one way or the other. 
zh-cn	美国、德国和日本这样的富裕国家可以某种方式摆脱危机。

en-us	But poorer countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America might completely collapse. 
zh-cn	但是非洲，亚洲和拉丁美洲一些贫穷的国家却面临完全经济坍塌的危险。

en-us	The US can afford a $2 trillion rescue package for its economy. Ecuador, Nigeria and Pakistan don’t have similar resources. We need a global economic rescue plan. 
zh-cn	美国可以部署2万亿美元用于救助经济，但是厄瓜多尔、尼日利亚和巴基斯坦并没有同样的资源，我们需要一个全球经济援助计划。 

en-us	Unfortunately, so far we don’t see anything like the strong global leadership we need. 
zh-cn	不幸的是，我们需要的那个坚定的全球引导者尚未出现。

en-us	The US, which acted as world leader during the 2014 Ebola epidemic and the 2008 financial crisis, has abdicated this job. 
zh-cn	曾在2014年埃博拉疫情和2008年金融危机期间担任起全球领头羊的美国已经放弃了这一责任。

en-us	The Trump administration has made it very clear that it cares only about the US, and has abandoned even its closest allies in Western Europe. 
zh-cn	特朗普政府已经明确表示，美国政府只会对美国负责，甚至放弃了西欧最亲密的盟友。

en-us	Even if the US now comes up with some kind of global plan, who would trust it, and who would follow its lead? Would you follow a leader whose motto is “Me First”? 
zh-cn	即使美国现在决定制定某个全球计划，谁会相信他们，谁又会紧随其后呢？谁会支持一个口号为“我优先”的领导者呢？ 

en-us	But every crisis is also an opportunity. 
zh-cn	但是每次危机也是一次机遇。

en-us	Hopefully the current epidemic will help humankind realize the acute danger posed by global disunity. 
zh-cn	我们希望这次疫情能够帮助人类意识到世界不团结带来的严重危害。

en-us	If indeed this epidemic eventually results in closer global co-operation, it will be a victory not only against the coronavirus, but against all the other dangers that threaten humankind – from climate change to nuclear war. 
zh-cn	如果疫情加强了国际合作，这将不仅是对抗冠状病毒的胜利，也是抗击威胁人类的一切从气候变化到核战争的其它危险的胜利。 

en-us	You speak about how the choices we make now will affect our societies economically, politically and culturally, for years to come. 
zh-cn	您解释说现在我们的选择将影响未来几年内社会的经济、政治和文化。

en-us	What are these choices and who will be responsible for making them? 
zh-cn	这些选择是什么呢？由谁来负责？ 

en-us	We are faced with many choices. 
zh-cn	我们面临着许多选择。

en-us	Not only the choice between nationalistic isolationism and global solidarity. Another important question is whether people would support the rise of dictators, or would they insist on dealing with the emergency in a democratic way? 
zh-cn	不仅有民族孤立主义和国际团结之间的选择，同样重要的是要知道在危机到来之时，公民会支持独裁政权的兴起，还是会继续相信民主政治。

en-us	When governments spend billions to help failing businesses, would they save big corporations or small family businesses? As people switch to working from home and communicating online, will this result in the collapse of organized labour, or would we see better protection for workers’ rights? 
zh-cn	如果政府斥资数十亿来帮助陷入困境的企业，会选择拯救大型企业还是小型家族企业？远程办公和线上交流是会导致工会制度的瓦解，还是会更好地保护工人的权利？ 

en-us	All these are political choices. 
zh-cn	所有这些选择都是政治性的。

en-us	We must be aware that we are now facing not just a health-care crisis, but also a political crisis. 
zh-cn	我们必须意识到，当前的疫情不仅是一场健康危机，也是一次政治危机。

en-us	The media and the citizens should not allow themselves to be completely distracted by the epidemic. 
zh-cn	媒体和公民一定不能完全被疫情分散注意力。

en-us	It is of course important to follow the latest news about the sickness itself – how many people died today? How many people were infected? But it is equally important to pay attention to politics and to put pressure on politicians to do the right thing. 
zh-cn	当然，关注有关疫情本身的最新信息很重要：今天的死亡人数是多少？感染人数是多少？但是，关注政治并督促相关责任部门做出正确选择也同样重要。

en-us	Citizens should pressure politicians to act in the spirit of global solidarity; to co-operate with other countries rather than blame them; to distribute funds in a fair way; to preserve democratic checks and balances – even in an emergency.     
zh-cn	公民需要向领导者施加压力，要求他们本着国际团结的精神行动，与其他国家合作而不是互相指责，督促他们公平分配资金，即使在紧急情况之下，也要坚持各民主力量之间的平衡。 

en-us	The time to do all that is now. Whoever we elect to government in coming years will not be able to reverse the decisions that are taken now. 
zh-cn	我们应该从现在开始就做出这些努力。在接下来的几年中，无论哪个政府当选，都无法推翻如今做出的决定。

en-us	If you become president in 2021, it is like coming to a party when the party is already over and the only thing left to do is wash the dirty dishes. 
zh-cn	在2021年当选总统，就像是聚会结束才来，能做的只有刷碗。

en-us	If you become president in 2021, you will discover that the previous government has already distributed tens of billions of dollars – and you have a mountain of debts to repay. 
zh-cn	在2021年当选总统，意味着发现上一任政府已经分配了数百亿美元，并在重重债务之下面临崩溃的边缘。

en-us	The previous government has already restructured the job market – and you cannot start from scratch again. 
zh-cn	上届政府届时已经重组了就业市场，不可能从零开始。

en-us	The previous government has already introduced new surveillance systems – and they cannot be abolished overnight. 
zh-cn	上届政府将已经引入新的监控系统，不可能一夜之间全部废除。

en-us	So don’t wait till 2021. Monitor what the politicians are doing right now. 
zh-cn	因此，等到2021年行动就晚了，我们需要监督当今领导者们的决策。 