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1137 4）能量供应：每公斤体重25-30kcal，目标蛋白量为1.2-2.0g/kg·d。 (4) Energy supply. 25-30 kcal per kg body weight, the target protein content is 1. 2-2.0 g/kg daily.
1138 5）营养输注方式： (5) Means of nutritional supply.
1139 营养泵匀速输注，从小剂量开始逐步加量，有条件的可以行营养液加热，减少喂养不耐受。 Pump infusion of nutrients can be used at a uniform speed, star ting with a low dosage and gradually increasing. When possible, the nutrients can be heated before feeding to reduce intolerance.
1140 6）对于有误吸高风险的老年病人和腹胀明显的患者，可考虑暂行肠外营养支持，待病情好转后再逐步过渡到自主饮食或肠内营养。 (6) The elderly patients who are at high aspiration risks or patients with apparent abdominal distention can be supported by parenteral nutrition temporarily. It can be gradually replaced by independent diet or enteral nutrition after their condition improves.
1141 十. COVID-19患者的ECMO支持 X. ECMO Support for COVID-19 Patients
1142 COVID-19是攻击肺泡为主要靶点的新型高传染性疾病，重症患者主要累及肺部，导致严重呼吸衰竭。 COVID-19 is a novel, highly infectious disease primarily targeting pulmonary alveoli, which damages primarily the lungs of critically ill patients and leads to severe Respiratory failure.
1143 体外膜肺氧合治疗（Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation，ECMO）在COVID-19的应用，需要关注：干预时机与方式、抗凝与出血、与机械通气的配合、清醒ECMO与早期康复训练、撤机标准、合并症处置等。 For the application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in COVID-19 treatment, medical professional s need to pay close attention to the following: the time and means of intervention, anticoagulant and bleeding, coordination with mechanical ventilation, awake ECMO and the early rehabilitation training, strategy of handling for complications.
1144 ECMO干预时机 ECMO Intervention Timing
1145 1.1挽救性ECMO 1.1 Salvage ECMO
1146 机械通气支持状态下，72h采用保护性通气策略及俯卧位通气等措施，发生以下情况之一，需要考虑进行挽救性ECMO干预： In the state of mechanical ventilation support, measures such as lung protective ventilation strategy and prone position ventilation have been taken for 72 h. With the onset of one of the following conditions, salvage ECMO Intervention needs to be considered.