ID 原文 译文
7771 密切监测患者血压、心率和尿量的变化，以 及动脉血气分析中乳酸和碱剩余， Changes in patients' blood pressure, heart rate, and urine output, as well as lactic acid and alkali residuals in arterial blood gas analysis should be closely monitored.
7772 必要时进行无创或有创血流动力学监测，如超声多普勒法、超声心动图、有创血压或持续心排血量（PiCCO）监测。 Noninvasive or invasive hemodynamic monitoring, such as Doppler echocardiography, echocardiography, invasive blood pressure or continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) monitoring, is necessary.
7773 在救治过程中，注意液体平衡策略， 避免过量和不足。 In the process of treatment, attention should be paid to the liquid balance to avoid excess and deficiency.
7774 如果发现患者心率突发增加大于基础值的20%或血压下降大约基础值20%以上时，若伴有皮肤灌注不良和尿量减少等表现时，应密切观察患者是否存在脓毒症休克、消化道出血或心功 能衰竭等情况。 When the patient's heart rate suddenly increases over 20% of the baseline value or the blood pressure has dropped by more than 20% of the baseline value, accompanying symptoms such as poor skin perfusion and decreased urine output, it should be alert whether patients have septic shock, gastrointestinal bleeding, or severe heart failure.
7775 肾功能衰竭和肾替代治疗： Renal failure and renal replacement therapy:
7776 危重症患者的肾功能损伤应积极寻找导致肾功能损伤的原因，如低灌注和药物等因素。 When renal insufficiency occurs in critically severe patients, the causes of renal function insufficiency, such as hypoperfusion and drugs, should be analyzed.
7777 对于肾功能衰竭患者的治疗应注重体液平衡、酸碱平衡和电解质平衡， The treatment of patients with renal failure should pay attention to fluid balance, acid-base balance and electrolyte balance.
7778 在营养支持治疗方面应注意氮平衡、热量和微量元素等补充。 For nutrition support treatment, attention should be paid to nitrogen balance, and supplement of calorie and minerals.
7779 重症患者可选择连续性肾替代治疗（continuous renal replacement therapy, CRRT）。 Renal replacement therapy (CRRT) can be considered in severe patients.
7780 其指征包括 The indications include