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60242 I wanted to understand if my fears about a vaccine-related information war were valid, so I reached out to Neil Johnson and Rhys Leahy, two researchers at George Washington University. 我想知道我对疫苗信息战的担忧是否有道理，于是联系了乔治·华盛顿大学(George Washington University)的两位研究员——尼尔·约翰逊(Neil Johnson)和里斯·
60243 On Wednesday, their study of the online anti-vaccine movement was published in the science journal Nature. 莱希(Rhys Leahy)，他们对网上反疫苗运动的研究于周三发表在科学杂志《自然》(Nature)上。
60244 The study, which mapped the vaccine conversation on Facebook during the 2019 measles outbreak, found that there were nearly three times as many active anti-vaccination communities as pro-vaccination communities. 该研究追溯了2019年麻疹爆发期间Facebook上关于疫苗的对话，发现活跃的反疫苗团体几乎是支持疫苗团体的三倍。
60245 In addition, they found that while pro-vaccine pages tended to have more followers, anti-vaccine pages were faster-growing. 此外，他们发现，虽然支持疫苗的页面往往有更多关注者，但反对疫苗的页面增长更快。
60246 “We expected to find a strong core of ‘vanilla’ science — people saying that vaccines are good for you — but that’s not what we found at all,” Mr. Johnson told me. “我们以为会看到‘普通的’科学有一个强有力的核心——人们会说疫苗对你有好处——但我们发现的根本不是这样，”约翰逊告诉我。
60247 “We found a real struggle online, where the public health establishment and its supporters are almost fighting in the wrong place.” “我们在网上发现了一场真正的斗争，公共卫生机构及其支持者几乎是在一个错误的战场上战斗。”
60248 The researchers found that Facebook pages pushing accurate pro-vaccine information were mostly clustered in an insular group, while the anti-vaccine pages treated vaccine resistance as a kind of political campaign, and used different messages to reach different types of undecided “voters.” 研究人员发现，在Facebook上宣传支持疫苗正确信息的页面大多集中在一个孤立的群体里；而反对疫苗的页面则把对抗疫苗当作一种政治运动，并且使用不同的讯息，以便接触尚未做出决定的不同类型“选民”。
60249 A page promoting holistic health remedies might start seeding doubts about vaccines among liberal yoga moms, while a page promoting resistance to government-mandated vaccines might appeal to conservatives and libertarians. 一个提倡整体健康疗法的页面可能会在自由派瑜伽妈妈当中散播对疫苗的怀疑，而一个提倡抵制政府强制接种的页面可能会吸引保守派和自由意志论者。
60250 “Public health advocacy groups tend to be monolithic, sending one message” that vaccines are safe and effective, Ms. Leahy said. “公共卫生倡导组织往往是单一的，只传递一个信息，”即疫苗是安全有效的，莱希说。
60251 “The anti-vax movement is really diverse.” “而反疫苗运动真的很多样化。”