ID 原文 译文
52620 In recent decades, zoonotic diseases–those transferred from animals to humans–have gained international attention. 近几十年来，人畜共患病——病毒从动物转移到人类的疾病——已引起国际关注。
52621 Ebola, avian influenza (or bird flu), H1N1 flu virus (or swine flu), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), Rift Valley fever, sudden acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), West Nile virus, the Zika virus–and now, the novel coronavirus COVID-19–have all either caused or threatened to cause major pandemics, with thousands of deaths and billions in economic losses. 埃博拉病毒、禽流感、H1N1流感病毒（或猪流感）、中东呼吸综合征（MERS）、裂谷热、严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）、西尼罗河病毒、寨卡病毒——以及当前正在全球蔓延的 新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)均已引起或差点引起全球大流行，造成数千人死亡，以及数十亿美元的经济损失。
52622 Researchers have yet to identify the exact point at which the SARS-CoV-2 virus was transferred from animals to humans and presented itself in the form of COVID-19. 研究人员尚未确定此次严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）从动物物种转移到人类身上，并以新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)形式出现的确切时间。
52623 However, one thing is clear: COVID-19 will not be the last pandemic. 但是，有一件事很清楚：2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)不会是最后一次大流行。
52624 In 2016, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) flagged a worldwide increase in zoonotic epidemics as an issue of concern. 2016年，联合国环境规划署（UNEP）指出，人畜共患病在全球流行程度的提升是一大隐忧。
52625 Specifically, it pointed out that 75 per cent of all emerging infectious diseases in humans are zoonotic and that these zoonotic diseases are closely interlinked with the health of ecosystems. 《前沿报告》特别指出，人类所有的新兴传染病中，有75％是人畜共患病，这些人畜共患病与生态系统的健康密切相关。
52626 Human activity and ecosystems 人类活动与生态系统
52627 According to the UNEP Frontiers report, zoonoses are opportunistic and thrive where there are changes in the environment, changes in animal or human hosts, or changes in the pathogen, itself. 根据联合国环境规划署《前沿报告》，人畜共患病是由机会性病原体引发的感染，在环境发生变化时、动物或人类宿主的情况发生变化，或病原体自身发生变化的情况下，病原体会快速传播。
52628 In the last century, a combination of population growth and reduction in ecosystems and biodiversity has culminated in unprecedented opportunities for pathogens to pass between animals and people. 在上个世纪，在人口增长与生态系统和生物多样性减少的双重压力，为病原体在动物和人之间传播提供了空前的机会。
52629 On average, one new infectious disease emerges in humans every four months, the report says. 报告指出，平均每4个月就有1种新的人类传染病出现。